the case of the tailor of habit c of Ipswich Trin James king in the king bench  instructress Gardiani et partnership Scissorum et a worker a piece of cloth  villae Gipwic in under command the head of Suff bring a action of debt for  three pound thirteen shilling and four penny against William Shening and  declare that whereas the king by his letter patent have incorporate the  plaintiff by the say name and grant to they that they shall have full power et  authority to make et to put the pure milk of reason law in ranks et ordinance  in scribe who the dawn to see bon healthy useful honest et necessary secundum  the dawn separation pro good control et gubernation c joint pursuit pillage c  and to set fine and amercement for breach of the say law c and recite the  statute of Henry by which it be enact that no master warden and society of  craft and mystery take upon they to make any act or ordinance nor to execute  any act or ordinance in exhaeredationem seu understatement  tribe which voted first well another some well contra common make poplar tree  nisi the same right of way for cattle et in ranks careful et approve a thief  per Cancellar thesaur England Capital justice a bag of hide Banci well tres  the dawn well aliter in person justice assisae in the dawn journey c sub  penalty forfeit l pro whithersoever you please tempore quo Self in wear down  to make and afterward the say corporation in the four year make diverse  constitution and among other that no person exercise any of the say trade  within the town of Ipswich pillage shall keep any shop or Chamber or exercise  the say faculty or any of they or take a apprentice or journeyman till they  have present they to the say master and warden of the say society for the time  be or any three of they and shall prove that he have serve seven year at the  least as a apprentice and before he shall be admit by they to be a sufficient  workman and if any offend in any part thereof that he shall forfeit and pay to  the say master and warden and society aforesaid for every such offence five  mark and to levy the same by distress or action of debt c the which among  other be allow by the justice of assize of the same county accord to the say  Act of h and that the say William Shening tailor use the trade of a tailor  after the say order make and ratify as aforesaid the ten of October in the ten  year of the king come to the say town of Ipswich and there use the Trade of a  tailor by the space of twenty day before he have present himself to the say  master and warden or any three of they or have make proof that he have serve  as a apprentice for seven year in the say Trade and before he be admit by the  say master and warden or any three of they to be sufficient a workman per  quoth act to grow progressively eisd instructress Gardian et Com to have of  the say Henry the sum of three pound thirteen shilling and four penny the  defendant plead that he be a apprentice by the space of seven year videlicet  from the first of September in the first year of the king till the second of  September in the eight year to one Henry backet in the be of a tailor c and  that nine of September year  Anthony penny esquire inhabitant in Ipswich  retain he to be his household servant to serve he for one year and that within  the same time he by the commandment of the say Anthony make diverse clothes  and garment for he his wife and child as be lawful for he to do which be the  same use and exercise of the Trade of a tailor whereof the plaintiff have  declare upon which the plaintiff do demurrer in law and in this case upon  argument at the bar and bench diverse point be resolve that at the commonlaw  no man may be forbid to work in any lawful Trade for the law do abhor idleness  the mother of all evil otium all a fault mater and chief in young man who  ought to their youth which be the time of their sow to learn lawful science  and trade which be profitable to the commonwealth and whereof they may gather  the fruit in their old age for idle in youth poor in age and therefore the  commonlaw do abhor all monopoly which forbid any one to work in any lawful  Trade and the same appear in Henry b a dyer be bind that he shall not use the  dyer craft for two year and there hull hold that the obligation be against the  commonlaw and by God if the plaintiff be here he shall go to prison till he  pay a fine to the king so and for the same cause if a husbandman be bind that  he shall not sow his land the obligation be against law and see Edward b if he  who take upon he to work be unskilful his ignorance be a sufficient punishment  to he for inexperience be maxima mechanicor penalty et who seek in  where you will be to pass away and if any one take upon he to work and  mis-does it a action upon the case lie against he and the statute of Elizabeth  which forbid any person to use or exercise any craft mystery or occupation if  he have not be a apprentice by the space of seven year be not enact only to  the intent that workman shall be skilful but also that youth shall not be  nourish in idleness but train and bring up in lawful science and trade and  therefore it appear that without a Act of parliament none can be in any wise  retain to work in any lawful trade also the commonlaw do not forbid any person  to use many be or mystery at his pleasure nemo to hold before more business  sive be to drive until it be forbid by Act of parliament of Edward cap sure  that the artificer and people of mystery tie every one to one mystery and that  none use other mystery but that which he have choose but present this  restraint of Trade and traffic be find prejudicial to the commonwealth and  therefore at the next parliament it be enact that all people shall be as free  as they be at any time before the say ordinance that the say restraint of the  defendant for more than the say Act of Elizabeth have make be against law and  therefore for as much as the statute have not retain he who have serve as a  apprentice for seven year to exercise the Trade of a tailor the say ordinance  can forbid he to exercise his Trade till he be present before they or till he  be allow by they to be a workman for these be against the freedom and liberty  of the subject and be a mean of extortion in draw money to they either by  delay or some other subtle device or of oppression of young tradesman by the  old and rich of the same Trade not suffer they free to live in their Trade and  all this be against law and against the commonwealth but ordinance for the  well order and government of man of Trade and mystery be good but not to  restrain any one in his lawful mystery it be resolve that the say branch of  the Act of Elizabeth be intend of public use and exercise of a Trade to all  who will come and not of he who be a private coke tailor brewer baker c in the  house of any for the use of a family and therefore if the say ordinance have  be good and agreeable to law such private exercise and use have not be within  it for every one may live in such private manner although he have never be a  apprentice in the Trade it be resolve that the statute of Henry do not  strengthen any of the ordinance make by any corporation with one so allow and  prove as the statute speak but leave they to be affirm as good or disaffirmed  as unlawful by the law the only benefit which the incorporation get by such  allowance be that they shall not incur the penalty of forty pound mention in  the Act if they put in use any ordinance which be against the king prerogative  or the common profit of the people and afterward judgement be give quoth  to express grief nothing to wrinkle per billam