sylva a wood or a natural history in ten century natural history I century dig  a Pitt upon the sea shore somewhat above the high water mark and sink it as  deep as the low-water mark and as the tide come in it will fill with water  fresh and potable this be common practice upon the coast of Barbary where  other fresh water be want and Caesar know this well when he be besiege in  Alexandria for by dig of pit in the sea shore he do frustrate the laborious  work of the enemy which have turn the seawater upon the well of Alexandria and  so save his Army be then in desperation but Caesar mistake the Cause for he  think that all Sea-Sandes have natural spring of fresh water but it be plain  that it be the seawater because the Pitt fill accord to the measure of the  tide and the seawater pass or strain through the sand leave the saltness I  remember to have read that trial have be make of salt water pass through earth  through ten vessel one within a other and yet it have not lose his saltness as  to become potable but the same man say that by the relation of another salt  water drain through twenty vessel have become fresh this experiment seem to  cross that other of pit make by the sea side and yet but in part if it be true  that twenty repetition do the effect but it be worth the note how poor the  imitation of nature be in common course of experiment except they be lead by  great judgement and some good light of axiom for first there be no small  difference between a passage of water through twenty small vessel and through  such a distance as between the low water and high water mark second there be a  great difference between earth and sand for all earth have in it a kind of  nitrous salt from which sand be more free and beside earth do not strain the  water so fine as sand do but there be a three point that I suspect as much or  more then the other two and that be that in the experiment of transmission of  the seawater into the pit the water rise but in the experiment of transmission  of the water through the vessel it fall now certain it be that the salt part  of water once salt throughout go to the bottom and therefore no marvel if the  drain of water by descent do not make it fresh beside I do somewhat doubt that  the very dash of the water that come from the sea be more proper to strike of  the salt part then where the water slide of her own motion it seem percolation  or transmission which be common call strain be a good kind of separation not  only of thick from thin and gross from fine but of more subtle nature and vary  accord to the body through which the transmission be make as if through a  woollen bag the liquor leave the fatness if through sand the saltness c they  speak of sever wine from water pass it through ivy wood or through other the  like porous body but non constat the gumm of tree which we see to be common  shine and clear be but a fine passage or strain of the juice of the tree  through the wood and bark and in like manner Cornish diamond and rock ruby  which be yet more resplendent then gum be the fine exudation of stone  Aristotle give the Cause vain why the feather of bird be of more lively colour  then the hair of beast for no beast have any fine azure or carnation or green  hair he say it be because bird be more in the beam of the sun then beast but  that be manifest true for cattle be more in the sun then bird that live common  in the wood or in some covert the true Cause be that the excrementious  moisture of live creature which make as well the feather in bird as the hair  in beast pass in bird through a fine and more delicate strainer then it do in  beast for feather pass through quill and hair through skin the clarify of  liquor by adhesion be a inward percolation and be effect when some cleave body  be mix and agitate with the liquor whereby the gross part of the liquor stick  to that cleave body and so the fine part be free from the gross so the  apothecary clarify their Sirrupes by white of egg Beatrice with the juice  which they will clarify which white of egg gather all the dregs and gross part  of the juice to they and after the Sirrupe be set on the fire the white of egg  themselves harden and be take forth so Ippocrasse be clarify by mix with milk  and stir it about and then pass it through a woollen bag which they call  Hippocrates sleeve and the cleave nature of the milk draw the powder of the  spice and gross part of the liquor to it and in the passage they stick upon  the woollen bag the clarify of water be a experiment tend to health beside the  pleasure of the eye when water be Crystaline it be effect by cast in and place  pebble at the head of a current that the water may strain through they it may  be percolation do not only cause clearness and splendour but sweetness of  savour for that also follow as well as clearness when the fine part be sever  from the gross so it be find that the sweat of man that have much heat and  exercise much and have clean body and fine skin do smell sweet as be say of  Alexander and we see common that gum have sweet odour take a glass and put  water into it and wet your finger and draw it round about the Lipp of the  glass press it somewhat hard and after you have draw it some few time about it  will make the water frisk and sprinkle up in a fine due this instance do  excellent demonstrate the force of compression in a solid body for whensoever  a solid body as wood stone mettle c be press there be a inward tumult in the  part thereof seek to deliver themselves from the compression and this be the  Cause of all violent motion wherein it be strange in the high degree that this  motion have never be observe nor inquire it be of all motion the most common  and the chief root of all mechanical operation this motion work in round at  first by way of proof and search which way to deliver it self and then work in  progress where it find the deliverance easy in liquor this motion be visible  for all liquor strike make round circle and withal dash but in solid which  break not it be so subtle as it be invisible but nevertheless bewray it self  by many effect as in this instance whereof we speak for the pressure of the  finger further by the wet because it stick so much the better unto the Lipp of  the glass after some continuance put all the small part of the glass into work  that they strike the water sharp from which percussion that sprinkle come if  you strike or pierce a solid body that be brittle as glass or sugar it break  not only where the immediate force be but break all about into shiver and fit  the motion upon the pressure search all way and break where it find the body  weak the powder in shoot be dilate into such a flame as endure not compression  move likewise in round the flame be in the nature of a liquid body sometime  recoil sometime break the piece but general discharge the bullet because there  it find easy deliverance this motion upon pressure and the reciprocal thereof  which be motion upon tensure we use to call by one common name motion of  liberty which be when any body be force to a preter natural extent or  dimension deliver and restore it self to the natural as when a blow bladder  press rise again or when leather or cloth tentured spring back these two  motion of which there be infinite instance we shall handle in due place this  motion upon pressure be excellent also demonstrate in sound as when one chime  upon a bell it sound but as soon as he lie his hand upon it the sound cease  and so the sound of a virginal string as soon as the quill of the jack fall  upon it stop for these sound be produce by the subtle percussion of the minute  part of the bell or string upon the air all one as the water be cause to leap  by the subtle percussion of the minute part of the glass upon the water  whereof we speak a little before in the that experiment for you must not take  it to be the local shake of the bell or string that do it as we shall full  declare when we come hereafter to handle sound take a glass with a belly and a  long nebb fill the belly in part with water take also another glass whereinto  put claret wine and water mingle reverse the first glass with the belly upward  stop the nebb with your to touch then dip the mouth of it within the second  glass and remove your to touch continue it in that posture for a time and it  will unmingle the wine from the water the wine ascend and settle in the top of  the upper glass and the water descend and settle in the bottom of the low  glass the passage be apparent to the eye for you shall see the wine as it be  in a small vein rise through the water for handsomeness sake because the work  require some small time it be good you hang the upper glass upon a nail but as  soon as there be gather so much pure and unmix water in the bottom of the low  glass as that the mouth of the upper glass dip into it the motion cease let  the Upper glass be wine and the low water there follow no motion at all let  the Upper glass be water pure the Lowwer water colour or contrariwise there  follow no motion at all but it have be try that though the mixture of wine and  water in the low glass be three part water and but one wine yet it do not dead  the motion this separation of water and wine appear to be make by weight for  it must be of body of unequal weight or else it work not and the heavy body  must ever be in the upper glass but then note withal that the water be make  pensile and there be a great weight of water in the belly of the glass sustain  by a small Pillar of water in the neck of the glass it be that which sests the  motion on work for water and wine in one glass with long stand will hardly  sever this experiment will be extend from mixture of several liquor to simple  body which consist of several Similare part try it therefore with Broyne or  salt water and fresh water place the salt water which be the heavy in the  upper glass and see whether the fresh will come above try it also with water  thick sugar and pure water and see whether the water which come above will  lose his sweetness for which purpose it be good there be a little cock make in  the belly of the upper glass in body contain fine spirit which do easy  dissipate when you make infusion the rule be a short stay of the body in the  liquor receive the spirit and a long stay confound it because it draw forth  the earthy part withal which embases the fine and therefore it be a error in  physician to rest simple upon the length of stay for increase the virtue but  if you will have the infusion strong in those kind of body which have fine  spirit your way be not to give long time but to repeat the infusion of the  body often take violet and infuse a good handful of they in a quart of vinegar  let they stay three quarter of a hour and take they forth and refresh the  infusion with like quantity of new violet seven time and it will make a  vinegar so fresh of the flower as if a twelve month after it be bring you in a  sauncer you shall smell it before it come at you note that it smell more  perfect of the flower a good while after then at first this rule which we have  give be of singular use for the preparation of medicine and other infusion as  for example the leaf of burrage have a excellent spirit to repress the  fuliginous vapour of dusky melancholy and so to cure madness but nevertheless  if the leaf be infuse long it yield forth but a raw substance of no virtue  therefore I suppose that if in the must of wine or wort of beer while it work  before it be tun the burrage stay a small time and be often change with fresh  it will make a sovereign drink for melancholy passion and the like I conceive  of orange flower rhubarb have manifest in it part of contrary operation part  that purge and part that bind the body and the first lie lose and the latter  lie deep so that if you infuse rhubarb for a hour and crush it well it will  purge better and bind the body less after the purge then if it stand twenty  four hour this be try but I conceive likewise that by repeat the infusion of  rhubarb several time as be say of violet let each stay in but a small time you  may make it as strong a purge medicine as scammony and it be not a small thing  win in physic if you can make rhubarb and other medicine that be Benedict as  strong purger as those that be not without some malignity purge medicine for  the most part have their Purgatine virtue in a fine spirit as appear by that  they endure not boil without much lose of virtue and therefore it be of good  use in physic if you can retain the purge virtue and take away the unpleasant  taste of the purger which it be like you may do by this course of infuse oft  with little stay for it be probable that the horrible and odious taste be in  the gross part general the work by infusion be gross and blind except you  first try the issue of the several part of the body which of they issue more  speedy and which more slow and so by apportion the time can take and leave  that quality which you desire this to know there be two way the one to try  what long stay and what short stay work as have be say the other to try in  order the succeed infusion of one and the same body successive in several  liquor as for example take orange peel or rise marry or cinnamon or what you  will and let they infuse half a hour in water then take they out and infuse  they again in other water and so the three time and then taste and consider  the first water the second and the three and you will find they differ not  only in strength and weakness but otherwise in taste or odour for it may be  the first water will have more of the send as more fragrant and the second  more of the taste as more bitter or bite c infusion in air for so we may well  call odour have the same diversity with infusion in water in that the several  odour which be in one flower or other body issue at several time some early  some late so we find that violet woodbine strawberry yield a please send that  come forth first but soon after a ill send quite differ from the former which  be cause not so much by mellow as by the late issue of the gross spirit as we  may desire to extract the fine spirit in some case so we may desire also to  discharge they as hurtful in some other so wine burn by reason of the  evaporate of the fine spirit enslams less and be best in ague opium lease some  of his poisonous quality if it be vapour out mingle with spirit of wine or the  like sean lease somewhat of his windiness by decoct and general subtle or  windy spirit be take off by incension or evaporation and even in infusion in  thing that be of too high a spirit you be better pour off the first infusion  after a small time and use the latter bubble be in the from of a hemisphere  air within and a little skin of water without and it seem somewhat strange  that the air shall rise so swift while it be in the water and when it come to  the top shall be stay by so weak a cover as that of the bubble be but as for  the swift ascent of the air while be under the water that be a motion of  percussion from the water which it self descend drive up the air and no motion  of levity in the air and this Democritus call movement plaga in this common  experiment the Cause of the enclosure of the bubble be for that the appetite  to resist separation or discontinuance which in solid body be strong be also  in liquor though faint and weak as we see in this of the bubble we see it also  in little glass of spittle that child make of rush and in castle of bubble  which they make by blow into water have obtain a little degree of tenacity by  mixture of soap we see it also in the Stillicides of water which if there be  water enough to follow will draw themselves into a small thread because they  will not discontinue but if there be no remedy then they cast themselves into  round drop which be the figure that save the body most from discontinuance the  same reason be of the roundness of the bubble as well for the skin of water as  for the air within for the air likewise avoid discontinuance and therefore  cast it self into a round figure and for the stop and arrest of the air a  little while it show that the air of it self have little or no appetite of  ascend the rejection which I continual use of experiment though it appear not  be infinite but yet if a experiment be probable in the work and of great use I  receive it but deliver it as doubtful it be report by a sober man that a  artificial spring may be make thus find out a hang ground where there be a  good quick fall of rain water lie a half trough of stone of a good length or  foot deep within the same ground with one end upon the high ground the other  upon the low cover the trough with break a good thickness and cast sand upon  the top of the break you shall see say he that after some shower be pass the  low end of the trough will run like a spring of water which be no marvel if it  hold while the rain water last but he say it will continue long time after the  rain be pass as if the water do multiply it self upon the air by the help of  the coldness and condensation of the earth and the consort of the first water  the French which put off the name of the French disease unto the name of the  disease of Naples do report that at the siege of Naples there be certain  wicked merchant that barrel up man flesh of some that have be late slay in  Barbary and sell it for tunny and that upon that foul and high nourishment be  the original of that disease which may well be for that it be certain that the  cannibal in the west Indies eat man flesh and the west Indies be full of the  pock when they be first discover and at this day the mortal poison practice by  the west Indian have some mixture of the blood or fat or flesh of man and  diverse witch and Sorceresles aswell among the heathen as among the Christian  have feed upon man flesh to aid as it seem their imagination with high and  foul vapour it seem that there be these way in likelihood of Version of vapour  or air into water and moisture the first be cold which do manifest condense as  we see in the contract of the air in the weather glass whereby it be a degree  near to water we see it also in the generation of spring which the ancient  think very probable to be make by the Version of air into water help by the  rest which the air have in those part whereby it can dissipate and by the  coldness of rock for there spring be chief generate we see it also in the  effect of the cold of the middle region as they call it of the air which  produce due and reins and the experiment of turn water into ice by snow nitre  and salt whereof we shall speak hereafter will be transfer to the turn of air  into water the second way be by compression as in stillatory where the vapour  be turn back upon it self by the encounter of the side of the stillatory and  in the due upon the cover of boil pot and in the due towards rain upon marble  and Wainscott but this be like to do no great effect except it be upon vapour  and gross air that be already very near in degree to water the three be that  which may be search into but do not yet appear which be by mingle of moist  vapour with air and try if they will not bring a return of more water then the  water be at first for if so that increase be a version of the air therefore  put water into the bottom of a stillatory with the nebb stop weigh the water  first hang in the middle of the stillatory a large sponge and see what  quantity of water you can crush out of it and what it be more or less compare  with the water spend for you must understand that if any Version can be  wrought it will be easy do in small poor and that be the reason why we  prescribe a sponge the four way be probable also though not appear which be by  receive the air into the small poor of body for as have be say every thing in  small quantity be more easy for version and tangible body have no pleasure in  the consort of air but endeavour to subact it into a more dense body but in  entire body it be check because if the air shall condense there be nothing to  succeed therefore it must be in lose body as sand and powder which we see if  they lie close of themselves gather moisture it be report by some of the  ancient that whelp or other creature if they be put young into such a cage or  box as they can rise to their stature but may increase in breadth or length  will grow accord as they can get room which if it be true and faisible and  that the young creature so press and straighten do not thereupon die it be a  mean to produce dwarf creature and in a very strange figure this be certain  and note long since that the pressure or from of part of creature when they be  very young do alter the shape not a little as the stroke of the head of infant  between the hand be note of old to make Macrocephali which shape of the head  at that time be esteem and the raise gentle of the bridge of the nose do  prevent the deformity of a saddle nose which observation well weigh may teach  a mean to make the person of man and woman in many kind more comely and better  feature then otherwise they will be by the from and shape of they in their  infancy as by stroke up the calf of the leg to keep they from fall down too  low and by stroke up the forehead to keep they from be lowforeheaded and it be  a common practice to swath infant that they may grow more straight and better  shape and we see young woman by wear straight body keep themselves from be  gross and corpulent onion as they hang will many of they shoot forth and so  will Penniroiall and so will a herb call Orpin with which they use in the  country to trim their house bind it to a lath or stick and set it against a  wall we see it like wise more especial in the great always vine which will put  out branch two or three year but it be true that common they wrap the root in  a Cloth besmear with oil and renew it once in half a year the like be report  by some of the ancient of the stalk of lily the Cause be for that these plant  have a strong dense and succulent moisture which be not apt to exhale and so  be able from the old store without draw help from the earth to suffice the  sprout of the plant and this sprout be chief in the late spring or early  summer which be the time of put forth we see also that stump of Trtes lie out  of the ground will put forth sprout for a time but it be a noble trial and of  very great consequence to try whether these thing in the sprout do increase  weight which must be try by weigh they before they be hang up and afterward  again when they be sprout for if they increase not in weight then it be no  more but this that what they send forth in the sprout they lose in some other  part but if they gather weight then it be magnale nature for it show that air  may be make so to be condense as to be convert into a dense body whereas the  race and period of all thing here above the earth be to extenuate and turn  thing to be more Penumaticall and rare and not to be retrograde from  pneumatical to that which be dense it show also that air can nourish which be  another great matter of consequence note that to try this the experiment of  the always vive must be make without oil the Cloth for else it may be the  plant receive nourishment from the oil flame and air do not mingle except it  be in a instant or in the vital spirit of vegetable and live creature in  gunpowder the force of it have be ascribe to rarefaction of the earthy  substance into flame and thus far it be true and then forsooth it be become  another element the from whereof occupy more place and so of necessity follow  a dilatation and therefore lest two body shall be in one place there must  needs also follow a expulsion of the pellet or blow up of the I but these be  Crude and ignorant speculation for flame if there be nothing else except it be  in very great quantity will be suffocate with any hard body such as a pellet  be or the barrel of a gun so as the flame will not expel the hard body but the  hard body will kill the flame and not suffer it to kindle or spread but the  Cause of this so potent a motion be the nitre which we call otherwise salt  petre which have in it anotable Crude and windy spirit first by the heat of  the fire sudden dilate it self and we know that simple air be preternatural  attenuate by heat will make it self room and break and blow up that which  resist it and second when the nitre have dilate it self it blow abroad the  flame as a inward bellows and therefore we see that brimstone pitch camphire  wild fire and diverse other inflammable matter though they burn cruel and be  hard to quench yet they make no such fiery wind as gunpowder do and on the  other side we see that quick silver which be a most Crude and watery body heat  and pen in have the like force with gunpowder as for live creature it be  certain their vital spirit be a substance compound of a airy and flamy matter  and though air and flame be free will not well mingle yet bind in by a body  that have some fix they will for that you may best see in those two body which  be their aliment water and oil for they likewise will not well mingle of  themselves but in the body of plant and live creature they will it be no  marvel therefore that a small quantity of spirit in the cell of the brain and  a pipe of the sinew be able to move the whole body which be of so great mass  both with so great force as in wrestle leap and with so great swiftness as in  play division upon the lute such be the force of these two nature air and  flame when they incorporate take a small wax candle and put it in a socket of  brass or iron then set it upright in a porringer full of spirit of wine heat  then set both the candle and spirit of wine on fire and you shall see the  flame of the candle open it self and become or time big then otherwise it will  have be and appear in figure globular and not in pyramid you shall see also  that the inward flame of the candle keep colour and do not wax any whit blow  towards the colour of the outward flame of the spirit of wine this be a noble  instance where in two thing be most remarkable the one that one flame within  another quench not but be a fix body and continue as air or water do and  therefore flame will still ascend upward in one greatness if it be not quench  on the side and the great the flame be at the bottom the high be the rise the  other that flame do not mingle with flame as air do with air or water with  water but only remain contiguous as it come to pass betwixt consist body it  appear also that the from of a pyramid in flame which we usual see be mere by  accident and that the air about by quench the side of the flame crush it and  extenuate it into that from for of it self it will be round and therefore  smoke be in the figure of a pyramid reverse for the air quench the flame and  receive the smoke note also that the flame of the Condle within the flame of  the spirit of wine be trouble and do not only open and move upward but move  wave and to and from as if flame of his own nature if it be not quench will  roll and turn as well as move upward by all which it shall seem that the  celestial body most of they be true fire or flame as the Stoic hold more fine  perhaps and rarefy than our flame be for they be all globular and determinate  they have rotation and they have the colour and splendour of flame so that  flame above be durable and consistent and in his natural place but with we it  be a stranger and momentany and impure like Vulcan that haked with his fall  take a arrow and hold it in flame for the space of ten pulse and when it come  forth you shall find those part of the arrow which be on the outside of the  flame more burn black and turn almost into a coal whereas that in the amid of  the flame will be as if the fire have scarce touch it this be a instance of  great consequence for the discovery of the nature of flame and show manifest  that flame burn more violent towards the side than in the amid and which be  more that heat or fire be not violent or furious but where it be check and  pont and therefore the Peripatetickes howsoever their opinion of a element of  fire above the air be just explode in that point they acquit themselves well  for be oppose that if there be a Spbeare of fire that encompass the earth so  near hand it be impossible but all thing shall be burn up they answer that the  pure elemental fire in his own place and not irritate be but of a moderate  heat it be affirm constant by many as a usual experiment that a lamp of ure in  the bottom of a I will be tumble and stir by two man strength which if you  bring it to the top of the earth will ask six man strength at the least to  stir it it be a noble instance and be fit to be try to the full for it be very  probable that the motion of gravity work weak both far from the earth and also  within the earth the former because the appetite of union of dense body with  the earth in respect of the distance be more dull the latter because the body  have in part attain his nature when it be some depth in the earth for as for  the move to a point or place which be the opinion of the ancient it be a mere  vanity it be strange how the ancient take up experiment upon credit and yet do  build great matter upon they the observation of some of the best of they  deliver confident be that a vessel fill with ash will receive the like  quantity of water that it will have do if it have be empty but this be utter  true for the water will not go in by a five part and I suppose that that five  part be the difference of the lie close or open of the ash as we see that ash  alone if they be hard press will lie in less room and so the ash with air  between lie lose and with water close for I have not yet find certain that the  water it self by mixture of ash or Dust will shrink or draw into less room it  be report of credit that if you lie good store of kernel of grape about the  root of a vine it will make the vine come early and prosper better it may be  try with other kernel lie about the root of a plant of the same kind as fig  kernel of apple c the Cause may be for that the kernel draw out of the earth  juice fit to nourish the tree as those that will be tree of themselves though  there be no root but the root be of great strength rob and devour the  nourishment when they have draw it as great fish devour little the operation  of purge medicine and the cause thereof have be think to be a great secret and  so accord to the slothful manner of man it be refer to a hide propriety a  specifical virtue and a four quality and the like shift of ignorance the cause  of purge be diverse all plain and perspicuous and through maintain by  experience the first be that whatsoever can be overcome and digest by the  stomach be by the stomach either put up by vomit or put down to the gut and by  that motion of expulsion in the stomach and gut other part of the body as the  orifice of the vein and the like be move to expel by consent for nothing be  more frequent than motion of consent in the body of man this surcharge of the  stomach be cause either by the quality of the medicine or by the quantity the  quality be three extreme bitter as in aloe coloquintida c loathsome and of  horrible taste as in agaric black hellebore c and of secret malignity and  disagreement towards man body many time not appear much in the taste as in  scammony Mechoacham antimony c and note well that if there be any medicine  that purge and have neither of the first two manifest quality it be to be hold  suspect as a kind of poison for that it work either by corrosion or by a  secret malignity and enmity to nature and therefore such medicine be wary to  be prepare and use the quantity of that which be take do also cause parging as  we see in a great quantity of new milk from the cow yea and a great quantity  of meat for surfeit many time turn to purge both upward and downward therefore  we see general that the work of purge medicine come two or three hour after  the medicine take for that the stomach first make a proof whether it can  concoct they and the like happen after surfeit or milk in too great quantity a  second Cause be mordication of the orifice of the part especial of the  mesentery vein as it be see that salt or any such thing that be sharp and bite  put into the fundament do provoke the part to expel and mustard provoke sneeze  and any sharp thing to the eye provoke tear and therefore we see that almost  all purger have a kind of twitch and vellication beside the j-vvg which come  of wind and if this mordication be in a over high degree it be little better  than the corrosion of poison and it come to pass sometime in antimony especial  if it be give to body not replete with humour for where humour abound the  humour save the part the three Cause be attraction for I do not deny but that  purge medicine have in they a direct force of attraction as draw plaster have  in surgery and we see sage or bettony bruise sneeze powder and other powder or  liquor which the physician call errhines put into the nose draw phlegm and  water from the head and so it be in Apophlegmatismes and gargarism that draw  the rheum down by the palate and by this virtue no doubt some purger draw more  one humour and some another accord to the opinion receive as rhubarb draw  choler sean melancholy agaric phlegm c but yet more or less they draw  promiscuous and note also that beside sympathy between the purger and the  humour there be also another Cause why some medicine draw some humour more  than another and it be for that some medicine work quick than other and they  that draw quick draw only the light more fluid humour they that draw flow work  upon the more tough and viscous humour and therefore man must beware how they  take rhubarb and the like alone familiar for it take only the light part of  the humour away and leave the mass of humour more obstinate and the like may  be say of worm wood which be so much magnify the four Cause be Flatnosity for  wind stir move to expel and we find that in effect all purger have in they a  raw spirit or wind which be the principal Cause of tortion in the stomach and  belly and therefore purger lose most of they the virtue by decoction upon the  fire and for that Cause be gluen chief in infusion juice or powder the five  Cause be compression or crush as when water be crush out of a sponge so we see  that take cold move looseness by contraction of the Skinn and outward part and  so do cold likewise cause rheum and defluxion from the head and some  astringent plaster crush out purulent matter this kind of operation be not  find in many medicine Mirabalanes have it and it may be the bark of peach for  this virtue require a astriction but such a astriction as be not grateful to  the body for a please astriction do rather bind in the humour than expel they  and therefore such astriction be find in thing of a harrish taste the six  Cause be Lubrefaction and relaxation as we see in medicine emollient such as  be milk honey mallow lettuce mercurial Pelletory of the wall and other there  be also a secret virtue of relaxation in cold for the heat of the body bind  the part and humour together which cold relax as it be see in urine blood  pottage or the like which if they be cold break and dissolve and by this kind  of relaxation fear loosen the belly because the heat retire inward towards the  heart the gut and other part be relax in the same manner as fear also cause  tremble in the sinew and of this kind of purger be some medicine make of  Mercury the seven Cause be abstersion which be plain a scour off or incision  of the more viscous humour and make the humour more fluid and cut between they  and the part as be find in nitrous water which scour linen Cloth speedy from  the foulness but this incision must be by a sharpness without astriction which  we find in salt worm wood oxymel and the like there be medicine that move  stool and not urine some other urine and not stool those that purge by stool  be such as enter not at all or little into the mesentery vein but either at  the first be not digestible by the stomach and therefore move immediate  downward to the gut or else be afterward reject by the mesentery vein and so  turn likewise downward to the gut and of these two kind be most purger but  those that move urine be such as be well digest of the stomach and well  receive also of the Mesenfery vein so they come as far as the liver which send  urine to the bladder as the whey of blood and those medicine be open and  pierce do fortify the operation of the liver in send down the wheyey part of  the blood to the reins for medicine Vrinatiue do not work by rejection and  indigestion as solutive do there be diverse medicine which in great quantity  move stock and in small urine and so contrariwise some that in great quantity  move urine and in small stool of the former sort be rhubarb and some other the  Cause be for that rhubarb be a medicine which the stomach in a small quantity  do digest and overcome be not flatuous nor loathsome and so send it to the  mesentery vein and so be open it help down urine but in a great quantity the  stomach can overcome it and so it go to the gut pepper by some of the ancient  be note to be of the second sort which be in small quantity move wind in the  stomach and gut and so expel by stool but be in great quantity dissipate the  wind and it self get to the mesentery vein and so to the liver and reins where  by heat and open it send down urine more plentiful we have speak of evacuate  of the body we will now speak something of the fill of it by Restoratines in  consumption and emaciate disease in vegetable there be one part that be more  nourish than another as grain and root nourish more than the leave in so much  as the order of the Foliatanes be put down by the pope as find leave unable to  nourish man body whether there be that difference in the flesh of live  creature be not well inquire as whether liver and other entrail be not more  nourish than the outward flesh we find that among the Roman a gooses liver be  a great delicacy in so much as they have artificial mean to make it fair and  great but whether it be more nourish appear not it be certain that marrow be  more nourish than fat and I conceive that some decoction of bone and sinew  stamp and well strain will be a very nourish broth we find also that Scotch  skink which be a pottage of strong nourishment be make with the knee and sinew  of best but long boil letty also which they use for a restorative be chief  make of Kuckles of veil the pulp that be within the crayfish or Crabb which  they spice and butter be more nourish than the flesh of the Crabb or crayfish  the yolk of egg be clear more nourish than the white so that it shall seem  that the part of live creature that lie more inward nourish more than the  outward flesh except it be the brain which the spirit prey too much upon to  leave it any great virtue of nourish it seem for the nourish of age man or man  in consumption some such thing shall be devise as shall be half  extracted juice  before it be put into the stomach take two large capon  parboil they upon a soft fire by the space of a hour or more till in effect  all the blood be go add in the decoction the peel of a sweet limon or a good  part of the peel of a citron and a little mace cut off the shank and throw  they away then with a good strong chap knife mince the two capon bone and all  as small as ordinary mince meat put they into a large neat bolter then take a  kilderkin sweet and well feasoned of four gallon of beer of strength new as it  come from the tunning make in the kilderkin a great bung hold of purpose then  thrust into it the bolter in which the capon be draw out in length let it  steep in it three day and three night the bung hold open to work then close  the bung hold and so let it continue a day and a half then draw it into bottle  and you may drink it well after three day bottle and it will last six week  approve it drink fresh flower and mantle exceed it drink not newish at all it  be a excellent drink for a consumption to be drink either alone or card with  some other beer it quench thirst and have no whit of windiness note that it be  not possible that meat and breed either in broth or take with drink as be use  shall get forth into the vein and outward part so fine and easy as when it be  thus incorporate and make almost a extracted juice  aforehand trial will be  make of the like brew with Potado root or burr root or the pith of artichoke  which be nourish meat it may be try also with other flesh as pheasant  partridge young pork big venison especial of young deer c a Mortresse make  with the brawn of capon stamp and strain and mingle after it be make with like  quantity at the least of almond butter be a excellent meat to nourish those  that be weak better than blank manger or jelly and so be the cullice of cock  boil thick with the like mixture of almond butter for the Mortresse or cullice  of it self be more savoury and strong and not so fit for nourish of weak body  but the almond that be not of so high a taste as flesh do excellent qualify it  Indian Maiz have of certain a excellent spirit of nourishment but it must be  through boil and make into a Maiz cream like a barley cream I judge the same  of rise make into a cream for rise be in Turkey and other country of the east  most feed upon but it must be through boil in respect of the hardness of it  and also because otherwise it bind the body too much Pistachoes so they be  good and not musty join with almond in almond milk or make into a milk of  themselves like unto almond milk but more green be a excellent nourisher but  you shall do well to add a little ginger scrape because they be not without  some subtle windiness milk warm from the cow be find to be a great nourisher  and a good remedy in consumption but then you must put into it when you milk  the cow two little bag the one of powder of mint the other of powder of read  rise for they keep the milk somewhat from turn or Crudling in the stomach and  put in sugar also for the same cause and partly for the taste sake but you  must drink a good draught that it may stay less time in the stomach leave it  cruddle and let the cup into which you milk the cow be set in a great cup of  hot water that you may take it warm and Cow-milke thus prepare I judge to be  better for a consumption than ass milk which it be true turn not so easy but  it be a little harrish marry it be more proper for sharpness of urine and  exulceration of the bladder and all manner of Lenifyings woman milk likewise  be prescribe when all fail but I commend it not as be a little too near the  juice of man body to be a good nourisher except it be in infant to who it be  natural oil of sweet almond new draw with sugar and a little spice spread upon  breed toast be a excellent nourisher but then to keep the oil from fry in the  stomach you must drink a good draught of Mild beer after it and to keep it  from relax the stomach too much you must put in a little powder of cinnamon  the yolk of egg be of themselves so well prepare by nature for nourishment as  so they be potch or rear boil they needs no other preparation or mixture yet  they may be take also raw when they be new lie with malmsey or sweet wine you  shall do well to put in some few slice of eryngium root and a little amber  grice for by this mean beside the immediate faculty of nourishment such drink  will strengthen the back so that it will not draw down the urine too fast for  too much urine do always hinder nourishment mince of meat as in pie and butter  mince meat save the grind of the tooth and therefore no doubt it be more  nourish especial in age or to they that have weak toe but the butter be not so  proper for weak body and therefore it be good to moisten it with a little  claret wine peel of limon or orange cut small sugar and a very little cinnamon  or nutmeg as for Chaetts which be likewise mince meat in stead of butter and  fat it be good to moisten they partly with cream or almond or Pistachomilke or  barley or Maiz cream add a little coriander seed and carraway seed and a very  little saffron the more full handle of alimentation we reserve to the due  place we have hitherto handle the particular which yield best and easy and  plentiful nourishment and now we will speak of the best mean of convey and  convert the nourishment the first mean be to procure that the nourishment may  not be rob and draw away wherein that which we have already say be very  material to provide that the reins draw not too strong a over great part of  the blood into urine to this add that precept of Aristotle that wine be  forbear in all consumption for that the spirit of the wine do prey upon the  Roseide juice of the body and inter common with the spirit of the body and so  deceive and rob they of their nourishment and therefore if the consumption  grow from the weakness of the stomach do force you to use wine let it always  be burn that the quick spirit may evaporate or at the least quench with two  little wedge of gold six or seven time repeat add also this provision that  there be not too much expense of the nourishment by breathe out and sweat and  therefore if the patient be apt to sweat it must be gentle restrain but chief  Hippocrates rule be to be follow who advice quite contrary to that which be in  use namely that the linen or garment next the flesh be in winter dry and oft  change and in summer seldom change and smear over with oil for certain it be  that any substance that be fat do a little fill the poor of the body and stay  sweat in some degree but the more clean way be to have the linen smear light  over with oil of sweet almond and not to forbear shift as oft as be fit the  second mean be to send forth the nourishment into the part more strong for  which the work must be by strengthen of the stomach and in this because the  stomach be chief comfort by wine and hot thing which otherwise hurt it be good  to resort to outward application to the stomach wherein it have be try that  the quilt of rise spice mastic wormwood mint c be nothing so helpful as to  take a cake of new breed and to bedew it with a little sack or alegant and to  dry it and after it be dry a little before the fire to put it within a clean  napkin and to lie it to the stomach for it be certain that all flower have a  potent virtue of astriction in so much as it harden a piece of flesh or a  flower that be lie in it and therefore a bag quilt with bran be likewise very  good but it dry somewhat too much and therefore it must not lie long the three  mean which may be a branch of the former be to send forth the nourishment the  better by sleep for we see that bear and other creature that sleep in the  winter wax exceed fat and certain it be as it be common believe that sleep do  nourish much both for that the spirit do less spend the nourishment in sleep  then when live creature be awake and because that which be to the present  purpose it help to thrust out the nourishment into the part therefore in age  man and weak body and such as abound not with choler a short sleep after  dinner do help to nourish for in such body there be no fear of a over hasty  digestion which be the inconvenience of postmeridian sleep sleep also in the  morning after the take of somewhat of easy digestion as milk from the cow  nourish Breth or the like do further nourishment but this will be do sit  upright that the milk or broth may pass the more speedy to the bottom of the  stomach the four mean be to provide that the part themselves may draw to they  the nourishment strong there be a excellent observation of Aristotle that a  great reason why plant some of they be of great age than live creature be for  that they yearly put forth new leave and bough whereas live creature put forth  after their period of growth nothing that be young but hair and nail which be  excrement and no part and it be most certain that whatsoever be young do draw  nourishment better than that which be old and then that which be the mystery  of that observation young bough and leave call the Sap up to they the same  nourish the body in the passage and this we see notable prove also in that the  oft cut or Polling of hedge tree and herb do conduce much to their last  transfer therefore this observation to the help of nourishment in live  creature the noble and principal use whereof be for the prolongation of life  restauration of some degree of youth and inteneration of the part for certain  it be that there be in live creature part that nourish and repair easy and  part that nourish and repair hardly and you must refresh and renew those that  be easy to nourish that the other may be refresh and as it be drink in  nourishment in the passage now we see that draught ox put into good pasture  recover the flesh of young Beese and man after long emaciate diet wax plump  and fat and almost new so that you may sure conclude that the frequent and  wise use of those emaciate diet and of purge and perhaps of some kind of bleed  be a principal mean of prolongation of life and restore some degree of youth  for as we have often say death come upon live creature like the torment of  McZentius corpse quinetiam to close the ranks Corporavinis  to bring together  Manibus{que manus at{que the mouth Ora for the part in man body easy reparable  as spirit blood and flesh die in the embracement of the part hardly reparable  as bone nerve and membrane and likewise some entrail which they reckon among  the spermatical part be hard to repair though that division of spermatical and  Menstrnall part be but a conceit and this same observation also may be draw to  the present purpose of nourish emaciate body and therefore gentle frication  draw forth the nourishment by make the part a little hungry and heat they  whereby they call forth nourishment the better this frication I wish to be do  in the morning it be also best do by the hand or a piece of scarlet wool wet a  little with oil of almond mingle with a small quantity of Bay-sals or saffron  we see that the very curry of horse do make they fat and in good like the five  mean be to further the very Act of assimilation of nourishment which be do by  some outward emollient that make the part more apt to assimilate for which I  have compound a ointment of excellent odour which I call Roman ointment vide  the receipt the use of it will be between sleep for in the latter sleep the  part assimilate chief there be many medicine which by themselves will do no  cure but perhaps hurt but be apply in a certain order one after another do  great cure I have try my self a remedy for the gout which have seldom fail but  drive it away in hour space it be first to apply a Pultasse of which vide the  receipt and then a bath or fomentation of which vide the receipt and then a  plaster vide the receipt the Pultasse relax the poor and make the humour apt  to exhale the fomentation call forth the humour by vapour but yet in regard of  the way make by the Pultasse draw gentle and therefore draw the humour out and  do not draw more to it for it be a gentle fomentation and have withal a  mixture though very little of some Stupefactine the plaster be a moderate  astringent plaster which repel new humour from fall the Pultasse alone will  make the part more soft and weak and apt to take the defluxion and impression  of the humour the fomentation alone if it be too weak without way make by the  Pultasse will draw forth little if too strong it will draw to the part as well  as draw from it the plaster alone will pen the humour already contain in the  part and so exasperate it as well as forbid new humour therefore they must be  all take in order as be say the Pultasse be to be lie to for two or three hour  the fomentation for a quarter of a hour or somewhat better be use hot and  seven or eight time repeat the plaster to continue on still till the part be  well confirm there be a secret way of cure unpractised by assuetude of that  which in it self hurt poison have be make by some familiar as have be say  ordinary keeper of the sick of the plague be seldom infect endure of torture  by custom have be make more easy the brook of enormous quantity of meat and so  of wine or strong drink have be by custom make to be without surfeit or  drunkenness and general disease that be chronical as cough Phthisickes some  kind of palseys lunacy c be most dangerous at the first therefore a wise  physician will consider whether a disease be incurable or whether the just  cure of it be not full of peril and if he find it to be such let he resort to  palliation and alleviate the symptom without busy himself too much with the  perfect cure and many time if the patient be indeed patient that course will  exceed all expectation likewise the patient himself may strive by little and  little to overcome the symptom in the exacerbation and so by time turn suffer  into nature diverse disease especial chronical such as quartan ague be  sometime cure by surfeit and excess as excess of meat excess of drink  extraordinary fast extraordinary stir or lassitude the like the Cause be for  that disease of Cotinuance get a Aduetitious strength from custom beside their  material Cause from the humour so that the break of the custom do leave they  only to their first Cause which if it be any thing weak will fall off beside  such excess do excite and spur nature which thereupon rise more forcible  against the disease there be in the body of man a great consent in the motion  of the several part we see it be child sport to prove whether they can rub  upon their breast with one hand and pat upon their before head with another  and straight way they shall sometime rub with both hand or pat with both hand  we see that when the spirit that come to the nostril expel a bid send the  stomach be ready to expel by vomit we find that in consumption of the lung  when nature can expel by cough man fall into flux of the belly and then they  die so in pestilent disease if they can be expel by sweat they fall likewise  into looseness and that be common mortal therefore physician shall ingenious  contrive how by motion that be in their power they may excite inward motion  that be not in their power by consent as by the stench of feather or the like  they cure the rise of the mother Hippocrates aphorism in sickness minus be a  good profound aphorism it import that disease contrary to the complexion age  sex season of the year diet c be more dangerous than those that be concurrent  a man will think it shall be otherwise for that when the accident of sickness  and the natural disposition do second the one the other the disease shall be  more forcible and so no doubt it be if you suppose like quantity of matter but  that which make good the Aphorisine be because such disease do show a great  collection of matter by that they be able to overcome those natural  inclination to the contrary and therefore in disease of that kind let the  physician apply himself more to purgation than to alteration because the  offence be in the quantity and the quality be rectify of themselves physician  do wise prescribe that there be preparative use before just purgation for  certain it be that purger do many time great hurt if the body be not  accommodate both before and after the purge the hurt that they do for want of  preparation before purge be by the stick of the humour and their not come fair  away which cause in the body great perturbation and ill accident during the  purge and also the diminish and dull of the work of the medicine it self that  it purge not sufficient therefore the work of preparation be double to make  the humour fluid and mature and to make the passage more open for both those  help to make the humour pass ready and for the former of these syrup be most  profitable and for the latter Apozumes or prepare broth clister also help lest  the medicine stop in the gut and work gripingly but it be true that body  abound with humour and fat body and open weather be Preparatines in themselves  because they make the humour more fluid but let a physician beware how he  purge after hard frosty weather and in a lean body without preparation for the  hurt that they may do after purge it be cause by the lodging of some humour in  ill place for it be certain that there be humour which somewhere place in the  body be quiet and do little hurt in other place especial passage do much  mischief therefore it be good after purge to use Apozumes and broth not so  much open as those use before purge but Absterfine and Mundifying clister also  be good to conclude with to draw away the relic of the humour that may have  descend to the low region of the body blood be staunch diverse way first by  astringent and repercussive medicine second by draw of the spirit and blood  inward which be do by cold as iron or a stone lie to the neck do staunch the  bleed at the nose also it have be try that the testicle be put into sharp  vinegar have make a sudden recess of the spirit and staunch blood three by the  recess of the blood by sympathy so it have be try that the part that bleed be  thrust into the body of a capon or sheep new rip and bleed have staunch blood  the blood as it seem suck and draw up by similitude of substance the blood it  meet with and so it self go back fourthly by custom and time so the prince of  Aurange in his first hurt by the Spanish boy can find no mean to staunch the  blood either by medicine or ligament but be feign to have the orifice of the  wound stop by man thumb succeed one another for the space at least of two day  and at the last the blood by custom only retire there be a five way also in  use to let blood in a adverse part for a revulsion it help both in medicine  and aliment to change and not to continue the same medicine aliment still the  Cause be for that nature by continual Vso of any thing grow to a satiety and  dullness either of appetite or work and we see that assuetude of thing hurtful  do make they lose their force to hurt as poison which with use some have bring  themselves to brook and therefore it be no marvel though thing helpful by  custom lose their force to help I count intermission almost the same thing  with change for that that have be intermit be after a fort new it be find by  experience that in diet of guaiacum Sarza and the like especial if they be  strict the patient be more trouble in the beginning then after continuance  which have make some of the more delicate sort of patient give they over in  the amid suppose that if those diet trouble they so much at first they shall  not be able to endure they to the end but the Cause be for that all those diet  do dry up humour rheum and the like and they can dry up until they have first  attenuate and while the humour be attenuate it be more fluid then it be before  and trouble the body a great deal more until it be dry up and consume and  therefore patient must expect a due time and not check at they at the first  the produce of cold be a thing very worthy the inquisition both for use and  disclosure of cause for heat and cold be nature two hand whereby she chief  work and heat we have in readiness in respect of the fire but for cold we must  stay till it come or seecke it in deep cave or high mountain and when all be  do we can obtain it in any great degree for furnace of fire be far hot then a  summer sun but vault or hill be not much cold then a winter frost the first  mean of produce cold be that which nature present we withal namely the expire  of cold out of the inward part of the earth in winter when the sun have no  power to overcome it the earth be as have be note by some at first cold this  have be assert as well by ancient as by modern philosopher it be the tenet of  Parmenides it be the opinion of the author of the discourse in plutarch for I  take it that book be not plutarch own de prime frigid it be the opinion of  Telesius who have renew the philosophy of Parmenides and be the best of the  novelist the second Cause of cold be the contact of cold body for cold be  active and transitive into body adjacent as well as heat which be see in those  thing that be touch with snow or cold water and therefore whosoever will be a  inquirer into nature let he resort to a conservatory of snow and ice such as  they use for delicacy to cool wine in summer which be a poor and contemptible  use in respect of other use that may be make of such conservatory the three  Cause be the primary nature of all tangible body for it be well to be note  that all thing whatsoever tangible be of themselves cold except they have a  accessary heat by fire life or motion for even the spirit of wine or Chyicall  oil which be so hot in operation be to the first touch cold and air it self  compress and condense a little by blow be cold the four Cause be the density  of the body for all dense body be cold then most other body as metal stone  glass and they be long in heat than soft body and it be certain that earth  dense tangible hold all of the nature of cold the Cause be for that all matter  tangible be cold it must needs follow that where the matter be moist  congregate the cold be the great the five Cause of cold or rather of increase  and vehemence of cold be a quick spirit enclose in a cold body as will appear  to any that shall attentive consider of nature in many instance we see nitre  which have a quick spirit be cold more cold to the tongue then a stone so  water be cold then oil because it have a quick spirit for all oil though it  have the tangible part better digest then water yet have it a dull spirit so  snow be cold then water because it have more spirit within it so we see that  salt put to ice as in the produce of the artificial ice increase the activity  of cold so some Incta which have spirit of life as snake and silkworm be to  the touch cold so quick silver be the cold of metal because it be full of  spirit the six Cause of cold be the chase and drive away of spirit such as  have some degree of heat for the banish of the heat must needs leave any body  cold this we see in the operation of opium and stupefactives upon the spirit  of live creature and it be not amiss to try opium by lie it upon the top of a  weather glass to see whether it will contract the air but I doubt it will not  succeed for beside that the virtue of opium will hardly penetrate through such  a body as glass I conceive that opium and the like make the spirit fly rather  by malignity then by cold seven the same effect must follow upon the  breathe out or draw out of the warm spirit that do upon the flight of the  spirit there be a opinion that the moon be magnetical of heat as the sun be of  cold and moisture it be not amiss therefore to try it with warm water the one  expose to the beam of the moon the other with some screen betwixt the beam of  the moon and the water as we use to the sun for shade and to see whether the  former will cool soon and it be also good to inquire what other mean there may  be to draw forth the exile heat which be in the air for that may be a secret  of great power to produce cold weather we have former set down the mean of  turn air into water in the experiment but because it be magnale nature and  tend to the subdue of a very great effect and be also of manifold use we will  add some instance in consort that give light thereunto it be report by some of  the ancient that sailor have use every night to hang fleece of wool on the  side of their ship the wool towards the water and that they have crush fresh  water out of they in the morning for their use and thus much we have try that  a quantity of wool tie lose together be let down into a deep well and hang in  the middle some three fathom from the water for a night in the winter time  increase in weight as I now remember to a five part it be report by one of the  ancient that in Lydia near to go on there be certain workman in time of war  flee into cave and the mouth of the cave be stop by the enemy they be famish  but long time after the dead bone be find and some vessel which they have  carry with they and the vessel full of water and that water thick and more  towards ice than common water which be a notable instance of condensation and  induration by burial under earth in cave for long time and of version also as  it shall seem of air into water if any of those vessel be empty try therefore  a small bladder hang in snow and the like in nitre and the like in quick  silver and if you find the bladder fall or shrink you may be sure the air be  condense by the cold of those body as it will be in a cave under earth it be  report of very good credit that in the east Indies if you set a tub of water  open in a room where cleave be keep it will be draw dry in hour though it  stand at some distance from the cleave in the country they use many time in  deceit when their wool be new shear to set some pail of water by in the same  room to increase the weight of the wool but it may be that the heat of the  wool remain from the body of the sheep or the heat gather by the lie close of  the wool help to draw the watery vapour but that be nothing to the Version it  be report also credible that wool new shear be lie casual upon a vessel of  Verinyce after some time have drink up a great part of the Veriuyce though the  vessel be whole without any flaw and have not the bung hold open in this  instance there be upon the by to be note the percolation or sue of the  Veriuyce through the wood for Veriuyce of it self will never have pass through  the wood so as it seem it must be first in a kind of vapour before it pass it  be especial to be note that the Cause that do facilitate the Version of air  into water when the air be not in gross but subtle mingle with tangible body  be as have be partly touch before for that tangible body have a antipathy with  air and if they find and liquid body that be more dense near they they will  draw it and after they have draw it they will condense it more and in effect  incorporate it for we see that a sponge or wool or sugar or a woollen cloth be  put but in part in water or wine will draw the liquor high and beyond the  place where the water or wine come we see also that wood lute string and the  like do swell in moist season as appear by the break of the string the hard  turn of the Pegs and the hard draw forth of box and open of Wainseet dear  which be a kind of infusion and be much like to a infusion in water which will  make wood to swell as we see in the fill of the chap of bouls by lie they in  water but for that part of these experiment which concern attraction we will  reserve it to the proper Title of attraction there be also a Version of air  into water see in the sweat of marble and other stone and of Wainsces before  and in moist weather this must be either by some moisture the body yield or  else by the moist air thicken against the hard body but it be plain that it be  the latter for that we see wood paint with oil colour will soon gather drop in  a moist night than wood alone which be cause by the smoothness and closeness  which let we in no part of the vapour and so turn it back and thicken it into  due we see also that breathe upon a glass or smooth body give a due and in  frosty morning such as we call rhyme frost you shall find drop of due upon the  inside of glass window and the frost it self upon the ground be but a Version  or condensation of the moist vapour of the night into a watery substance due  likewise and rain be but the return of moist vapour condense the due by the  cold only of the sun departure which be the gentle cold reins by the cold of  that which they call the middle region of the air which be the more violent  cold it be very probable as have be touch that that which will turn water into  ice will likewise turn air some degree near unto water therefore try the  experiment of the artificial turn water into ice whereof we shall speak in  another place with air in place of water and the ice about it and although it  be a great alteration to turn air into water than water into ice yet there be  this hope that by continue the air long time the effect will follow for that  artificial conversion of water into ice be the work of a few hour and this of  air may be try by a month space or the like induration or lapidification of  substance more soft be likewise another degree of condensation and be a great  alteration in nature the effect and accelerate thereof be very worthy to be  inquire it be effect by three mean the first be by cold who property be to  condense and constipate as have be say the second be by heat which be not  proper but by consequence for the heat do attenuate and by attenuation do send  forth the spirit and moist part of a body and upon that the more gross of the  tangible part do contract and serre themselves together both to avoid vacuums  as they call it and also to munite themselves against the force of the fire  which they have suffer and the three be by assimilation when a hard body  assimilate a soft be contiguous to it the example of induration take they  promiscuous be many as the generation of stone within the earth which at the  first be but rude earth or clay and so of mineral which come no doubt at first  of luyces concrete which afterward indurate and so of porcellane which be a  artificial cement bury in the earth a long time and so the make of Bricke and  tile also the make of glass of a certain sand and break root and some other  matter also the exudation of rock diamond and crystal which harden with time  also the induration of bead amber which at first be a soft substance as appear  by the fly and spider which be find in it and many more but we will speak of  they distinct for induration by cold there be few trial of it for we have no  strong or intense cold here on the surface of the earth so near the beam of  the sun and the heaven the likely trial be by snow and ice for as snow and ice  especial be help and their cold activated by nitre or salt will turn water  into ice and that in a few hour so it may be it will turn wood or stiff clay  into stone in long time put therefore into a conserve pit of snow and ice add  some quantity of salt and nitre a piece of wood or a piece of tough clay and  let it lie a month or more another trial be by metalline water which have  virtual cold in they put therefore wood or clay into smith water or other  metalline water and try whether it will not harden in some reasonable time but  I understand it of metalline water that come by wash or quench and not of  strong water that come by dissolution for they be too corrosive to consolidate  it be already find that there be some natural spring water that will  inlapidate wood so as you shall see one piece of wood whereof the part above  the water shall continue wood and the part under the water shall be turn into  a kind of gravelly stone it be likely those water be of some metalline mixture  but there will be more particular inquiry make of they it be certain that a  egg be find have lie many year in the bottom of a moat where the earth have  somewhat overgrow it and this egg be come to the hardness of a stone and have  the colour of the white and yolk perfect and the shell shine in small grain  like sugar or alabaster another experience there be of induration by cold  which be already find which be that metal themselves be harden by often heat  and quench in cold water for cold ever work most potent upon heat Precedene  for induration by heat it must be consider that heat by the breathe out of the  moist part do either harden the body as in brick tile c or if the heat be more  fierce make the gross part it self run and melt as in the make of ordinary  gloss and in the vitrification of earth as we see in the Inner part of  Farneces and in the vitrification of brick and of metal and in the former of  these which be the harden by bake without melt the heat have these degree  first it indurates and then make fragile and last it do Inciuerate and  calcinate but if you desire to make a induration with toughness and less  fragility a middle way will be take which be that which Artistotle have well  note but will be through verify it be to decoct body in water for two or three  day but they must be such body into which the water will not enter as stone  and metal for if they be body into which the water will enter then long seethe  will rather soften than indurate they as have be try in egg c therefore soft  body must be put into bottle and the bottle hang into water seethe with the  mouth open above the water that no water may get in for by this Meaues the  virtual heat of the water will enter and such a heat as will not make the body  adust or fragile but the substance of the water will be shut out this  experiment we make and it sort thus it be try with a piece of free stone and  with pewter put into the water at large the free stone we find receive in some  water for it be soft and easy to scrape then a piece of the same stone keep  dry but the pewter into which no water can enter become more white and like to  silver and less flexible by much there be also put into a earthen bottle place  as before a good pellet of clay a piece of cheese a piece of chalk and a piece  of free stone the clay come forth almost of the hardness of stone the cheese  likewise very hard and not well to be cut the chalk and the free stone much  hard than they be the colour of the clay incline not a whit to the colour of  Bricke but rather to white as in ordinary dry by the sun note that all the  former trial be make by a boil upon a good hot fire renew the water as it  consume with other hot water but the boil be but for twelve hour only and it  be like that the experiment will have be more effectual if the boil have be  for two or three day as we prescribe before as touch assimilation for there be  a degree of assimilation even in inanimate body we see example of it in some  stone in ClayGrounds lie near to the top of the earth where pebble be in which  you may manifest see diverse pebble gather together and a crust of cement or  stone between they as hard as the pebble themselves and it be good to make a  trial of purpose by take clay and put in it diverse pebble stone thick set to  see whether in continuance of time it will not be hard then other clay of the  same lump in which no pebble be set we see also in ruin of old wall especial  towards the bottom the mortar will become as hard as the brick we see also  that the wood on the side of Vessles of wine gather a crust of tartar hard  then the wood it self and scale likewise grow to the tooth hard then the tooth  themselves most of all induration by assimilation appear in the body of tree  and live creature for no nourishment that the tree receive or that the live  creature receive be so hard as wood bone or horn c but be indurate after by  assimilation the eye of the understanding be like the eye of the sense for as  you may see great object through small cranny or level so you may see great  axiom of nature through small and contemptible instance the speedy depredation  of air upon watery moisture and Version of the same into air appear in nothing  more visible than in the sudden discharge or vanish of a little cloud of  breath or vapour from glass or the blade of a sword or any such polish body  such as do not at all detain or imbibe the moisture for the mistiness scatter  and break up sudden but the like cloud if it be oily or fatty will not  discharge not because it stick fast but because air prey upon water and flame  and fire upon oil and therefore to take out a Spot of grease they use a coal  upon brown paper because fire work upon grease or oil as air do upon water and  we see paper oil or wood oil or the like last long moist but Wet with water  dry or putrify soon the Cause be for that air meddle little with the moisture  of oil there be a admirable demonstration in the same trifle instance of the  little cloud upon glass or gem or blade of sword of the force of union even in  the least quantity and weak body how much it conduce to preservation of the  present from and the resist of a new for mark well the discharge of that cloud  and you shall see it ever break up first in the skirt and last in the amid we  see likewise that much water draw forth the juice of the body infuse but  little water be imbibe by the body and this be a principal Cause why in  operation upon body for their Version or alteration the trial in great  quantity do not answer the trial in small and so deceive many for that I say  the great body resist more any alteration of from and require far great  strength in the active body that shall subdue it we have speak before in the  five instance of the Cause of orient colour in bird which be by the fineness  of the strainer we will now endeavour to reduce the same Axione to a work for  this write of our sylue sylverum be to speak proper not Neturall history but a  high kind of natural magic for it be not a description only of nature but a  break of nature into great and strange work try therefore the anoint over of  pigeon or other bird when they be but in their down or of whelp cut their hair  as short as may be or of some other beast with some ointment that be not  hurtful to the flesh and that will harden and stick very close and see whether  it will not alter the colour of the feather or hair it be receive that the  pull off the first feather of bird clean will make the new come forth white  and it be certain that white be a penurious colour where moisture be scant so  blue violet other flower if they be starve turn pale and white bird and horse  by age or scar turn white and the hoar hair of man come by the same reason and  therefore in bird it be very likely that the feather that come first will be  many time of diverse colour accord to the nature of the bird for that the skin  be more porous but when the skin be more shut and close the feather will come  white this be a good experiment not only for the produce of bird and beast of  strange colour but also for the disclosure of the nature of colour themselves  which of they require a fine porosity and which a gross it be a work of  providence that have be true observe by some that the yolk of the egg conduce  little to the generation of the bird but only to the nourishment of the same  for if a chicken be open when it be new hatch you shall find much of the yolk  remain and it be needful that bird that be shape without the female womb have  in the egg as well matter of nourishment as matter of generation for the body  for after the egg be lie and sever from the body of the Hen it have no more  nourishment from the Hen but only a quicken heat when she sit but beast and  man needs not the matter of nourishment within themselves because they be  shape within the womb of the female and be nourish continual from her body it  be a inveterate and receive opinion that cantharides apply to any part of the  body touch the bladder and exulcerate it if they stay on long it be likewise  receive that a kind of stone which they bring out of the west Indies have a  peculiar force to move gravel and to dissolve the stone in so much as lie but  to the wrest it have so forcible send down gravel as man have be glad to  remove it it be so violent it be receive and confirm by daily experience that  the sole of the foot have great affinity with the head and the mouth of the  stomach as we see go wet-shod to those that use it not affect both application  of hot powder to the foot attenuate first and after dry the rheum and  therefore a physician that will be mystical prescribe for the cure of the  rheum that a man shall walk continual upon a camomile alley meaning that he  shall put camomile within his sock likewise pigeon bleed apply to the sole of  the foot ease the head and soporiferous medicine apply unto they provoke sleep  it seem that as the foot have a sympathy with the head so the wrist and hand  have a sympathy with the heart we see the affect and passion of the heart and  spirit be notable disclose by the pulse and it be often try that juice of  stock gillyflower rise Campian garlic and other thing apply to the wrist and  renew have cure long ague and I conceive that wash with certain liquor the  palm of the hand do much good and they do well in heat of ague to hold in the  hand egg of alabaster and ball of crystal of these thing we shall speak more  when we handle the Title of sympathy and antipathy in the proper place the  knowledge of man hitherto have be determine by the view or sight so that  whatsoever be invisible either in respect of the fineness of the body it self  or the smallness of the part or of the subtlety of the motion be little  inquire and yet these be the thing that govern nature principal and without  which you can make any true analysis and indication of the proceed of nature  the spirit or Pneumaticals that be in all tangible body be scarce know  sometime they take they for vacuum whereas they be the most active of body  sometime they take they for air from which they differ exceed as much as wine  from water and as wood from earth sometime they will have they to be natural  heat or a portion of the element of fire whereas some of they be crude and  cold and sometime they will have they to be the virtue and quality of the  tangible part which they see whereas they be thing by themselves and then when  they come to plant and live creature they call they soul and such superficial  speculation they have like prospective that show thing inward when they be but  paint neither be this a question of word but infinite material in nature for  spirit be nothing else but a natural body rarefy to a proportion include in  the tangible part of body as in a integument and they be no less differ one  from the other than the dense or tangible part and they be in all tangible  body whatsoever more or less and they be never almost at rest and from they  and their motion principal proceed arefaction colliquation concoction  maturation putrefaction vivification and most of the effect of nature for as  we have figure they in our prudence old times  in the fable of Proserpina you  shall in the infernal regiment hear little do of Pluto but most of Proserpine  for tangible part in body be stupid thing and the spirit do in effect all as  for the difference of tangible part in body the industry of the chemist have  give some light in discern by their separation the oily Crude pure impure fine  gross part of body and the like and the physician be content to acknowledge  that herb and drug have diverse part as that opiums have a stupefactive part  and a heat part the one move sleep the other a sweat follow and that rhubarb  have purge part and astringent part c but this whole inquisition be weak and  negligent handle and for the more subtle difference of the minute part and the  posture of they in the body which also have great effect they be not at all  touch as for the motion of the minute part of body which do so great effect  they have not be observe at all because they be invisible and incur not to the  eye but yet they be to be deprehended by experience as Democritus say well  when they charge he to hold that the world be make of such little moat as be  see in the sun  an indivisible particle say he necessitate account a trial be  connincitur  an indivisible particle for nemo ever to see and therefore the  tumult in the part of solid body when they be compress which be the Cause of  all flight of body through the air and of other mechanical motion as have be  partly touch before and shall be through handle in due place be not see at all  but nevertheless if you know it not or inquire it not attentive and diligent  you shall never be able to discern and much less to produce a number of  mechanical motion again as to the motion corporal within the enclosure of body  whereby effect which be mention before pass between the spirit and the  tangible part which be arefaction colliquation concoction maturation c they be  not at all handle but they be put off by the name of virtue and nature and  action and passion and such other logical word it be certain that all power in  nature heat be the chief both in the frame of nature and in the work of be  certain it be likewise that the effect of heat be most advance when it work  upon a body without lose or dissipation of the matter for that ever betray the  account and therefore it be true that the power of heat be best perceive in  distillation which be perform in close vessel and receptacle but yet there be  a high degree for howsoever distillation do keep the body in cell and cloister  without go abroad yet they give space unto body to turn into vapour to return  into liquor and to separate one part from another so as nature do expatiate  although it have not full liberty whereby the true and ultime operation of  heat be not attain but if body may be alter by heat and yet no such  reciprocation of rarefaction and of condensation and of separation admit then  it be like that this Proteus of matter be hold by the sleeve will turn and  change into many Metaworphoses take therefore a square vessel of iron in from  of a cube and let it have good thick and strong side put into it a cube of  wood that may fill it as close as may be and let it have a cover of iron as  strong at least as the side and let it be well luted after the manner of the  chemist then place the vessel within burn coal keep quick kindle for some few  hour space then take the vessel from the fire and take off the cover and see  what be become of the wood I conceive that since all inflammation and  evaporation be utter prohibit and the body still turn upon it self that one of  these two effect will follow either that the body of the wood will be turn  into a kind of amalgama as the chemist call it or that the fine part will be  turn into air and the gross stick as it be bake and incrustate upon the side  of the vessel be become of a denser matter than the wood it self Crude and for  another trial take also water and put it in the like vessel stop as before but  use a gentle heat and remove the vessel sometime from the fire and again after  some small time when it be cold renew the heat of it and repeat this  Aloeration some few time and if you can once bring to pass that the water  which be one of the simple of body be change in colour odour or taste after  the manner of compound body you may be sure that there be a great work wrought  in nature and a notable entrance make into strange change of body and  production and also a way make to do that by fire in small time which the sun  and age do in long time but of the admirable effect of this distillation in  close for so we will call it which be like the womb and matrix of live  creature where nothing expire nor separate we will speak full in the due place  not that we aim at the make of Paracelsus Pigmey's or any such prodigious  folly but that we know the effect of heat will be such as will scarce fall  under the conceit of man if the force of it be altogether keep in there be  nothing more certain in nature than that it be impossible for any body to be  utter Annibilated but that as it be the work of the omnipotency of God to make  somewhat of nothing so it require the like omnipotency to turn somewhat into  nothing and therefore it be well say by a obscure writer of the sect of the  chemist that there be no such way to effect the strange transmutation of body  as to endeavour and urge by all mean the reduce of they to nothing and herein  be contain also a great secret of preservation of body from change for if you  can prohibit that they neither turn into air because no air come to they not  go into the body adjacent because they be utter heterogeneal nor make a round  and circulation within themselves they will never change though they be in  their nature never so perishable or mutable we see how fly and spider and the  like get a sepulchre in amber more durable than the monument and embalm of the  body of any king and I conceive the like will be of body put into quick silver  but then they must be but thin as a leaf or a piece of paper or parchment for  if they have a great crassitude they will alter in their own body though they  spend not but of this we shall speak more when we handle the Title of  conservation of body