XXIX in the eight rank of prerogative instance we will place deviate instance  such as the error of nature or strange and monstrous object in which nature  deviate and turn from her ordinary course for the error of nature differ from  singular instance inasmuch as the latter be the miracle of species the former  of individual their use be much the same for they rectify the understanding in  opposition to habit and reveal common from for with regard to these also we  must not desist from inquiry till we discern the cause of the deviation the  cause do not however in such case rise to a regular from but only to the  latent process towards such a from for he who be acquaint with the path of  nature will more ready observe her deviation and vice line he who have learned  her deviation will be able more accurate to describe her path they differ  again from singular instance by be much more apt for practice and the  operative branch for it will be very difficult to generate new species but  less so to vary know species and thus produce many rare and unusual result the  passage from the miracle of nature to those of be be easy for if nature be  once seize in her variation and the cause be manifest it will be easy to lead  her by be to such deviation as she be at first lead to by chance and not only  to that but other since deviation on the one side lead and open the way to  other in every direction of this we do not require any example since they be  so abundant for a compilation or particular natural history must be make of  all monster and prodigious birth of nature of everything in short which be new  rare and unusual in nature this shall be do with a rigorous selection so as to  be worthy of credit those be most to be suspect which depend upon superstition  as the prodigy of Livy and those perhaps but little less which be find in the  work of writer on natural magic or even alchemy and the like for such man as  it be be the very suitor and lover of fable but our instance shall be derive  from some grave and credible history and faithful narration XXX in the nine  rank of prerogative instance we will place border instance which we be also  wont to term participant they be such as exhibit those species of body which  appear to be compose of two species or to be the rudiment between the one and  the other they may well be class with the singular or heteroclite instance for  in the whole system of thing they be rare and extraordinary yet from their  dignity they must be treat of and class separate for they point out admirable  the order and constitution of thing and suggest the cause of the number and  quality of the more common species in the universe lead the understanding from  that which be to that which be possible we have example of they in moss which  be something between putrescence and a plant in some comet which hold a place  between star and ignite meteor in fly fish between fish and bird and in bat  between bird and quadruped again simia how comparison ugly beast we we have  also biformed foetus mingle species and the like XXXI in the ten rank of  prerogative instance we will place the instance of power or the fasces to  borrow a term from the insignia of empire which we be also wont to call the  wit or hand of man these be such work as be most noble and perfect and as it  be the masterpiece in every be for since our principal object be to make  nature subservient to the state and want of man it become we well to note and  enumerate the work which have long since be in the power of man especial those  which be most polish and perfect because the passage from these to new and  hitherto undiscovered work be more easy and feasible for if any one after a  attentive contemplation of such work as be extant be Willing to push forward  in his design with alacrity and vigour he will undoubted either advance they  or turn they to something within their immediate reach or even apply and  transfer they to some more noble purpose nor be this all for as the  understanding be elevate and raise by rare and unusual work of nature to  investigate and discover the from which include they also so be the same  effect frequent produce by the excellent and wonder work of be and even to a  great degree because the mode of effect and construct the miracle of be be  general plain while that of effect the miracle of nature be more obscure great  care however must be take that they do not depress the understanding and fix  it as it be to earth for there be some danger lest the understanding shall be  astonish and chain down and as it be bewitch by such work of be as appear to  be the very summit and pinnacle of human industry so as not to become familiar  with they but rather to suppose that nothing of the kind can be accomplish  unless the same mean be employ with perhaps a little more diligence and more  accurate preparation now on the contrary it may be state as a fact that the  way and mean hitherto discover and observe of effect any matter or work be for  the most part of little valve and that all real efficient power depend and be  real to be deduce from the source of from none of which have yet be discover  thus as we have before observe have any one meditate on ballistic machine and  batter ram as they be use by the ancient whatever application he may have  exert and though he may have consume a whole life in the pursuit yet will he  never have hit upon the invention of flame engine act by mean of gunpowder nor  will any person who have make woollen manufactory and cotton the subject of  his observation and reflection have ever discover thereby the nature of the  silkworm or of silk hence all the most noble discovery have if you observe  come to light not by any gradual improvement and extension of the be but mere  by chance while nothing imitate or anticipate chance which be wont to act at  interval of age but the invention of from there be no necessity for adduce any  particular example of these instance since they be abundant the plan to be  pursue be this all the mechanical and even the liberal be as far as they be  practical shall be visit and through examine and thence there shall be from a  compilation or particular history of the great masterpiece or most finish work  in each as well as of the mode of carry they into effect nor do we confine the  diligence to be use in such a compilation to the lead work and secret only of  every be and such as excite wonder for wonder be engender by rarity since that  which be rare although it be compound of ordinary nature always beget wonder  on the contrary that which be real wonder from some specific difference  distinguish it from other species be careless observe if it be but familiar  yet the singular instance of be shall be observe no less than those of nature  which we have before speak of and as in the latter we have class the sun the  moon the magnet and the like all of they most familiar to we but yet in their  nature singular so shall we proceed with the singular instance of be for  example paper a very common substance be a singular instance of be for if you  consider the subject attentive you will find that artificial substance be  either weave by straight and transverse line as silk woollen or linen cloth  and the like or coagulate from concrete juice such as brick earthenware glass  enamel porcelain and the like which admit of a polish if they be compact but  if not become hard without be polish all which latter substance be brittle and  not adherent or tenacious on the contrary paper be a tenacious substance which  can be cut and tear so as to resemble and almost rival the skin of any animal  or the leaf of vegetable and the like work of nature be neither brittle like  glass nor weave like cloth but have fiber and not distinct thread just as  natural substance so that scarce anything similar can be find among artificial  substance and it be absolute singular and in artificial work we shall certain  prefer those which approach the near to a imitation of nature or on the other  hand powerful govern and change her course again in these instance which we  term the wit and hand of man charm and conjure shall not be altogether despise  for although mere amusement and of little use yet they may afford considerable  information last superstition and magic in its common acceptation be not to be  entire omit for although they be overwhelm by a mass of lie and fable yet some  investigation shall be make to see if there be real any latent natural  operation in they as in fascination and the fortify of the imagination the  sympathy of distant object the transmission of impression from spirit to  spirit no less than from body to body and the like XXXII from the forgo remark  it be clear that the last five species of instance the similar singular  deviate and border instance and those of power shall not be reserve for the  investigation of any give nature as the precede and many of the succeed  instance must but a collection of they shall be make at once in the style of a  particular history so that they may arrange the matter which enter the  understanding and correct its deprave habit for it be necessary imbue corrupt  pervert and distort by daily and habitual impression they be to be use  therefore as a preparative for the purpose of rectify and purify the  understanding for whatever withdraw it from habit level and planes down its  surface for the reception of the dry and pure light of true notion these  instance moreover level and prepare the way for the operative branch as we  will mention in its proper place when speak of the practical deduction XXXIII  in the eleven rank of prerogative instance we will place accompany and hostile  instance these be such as exhibit any body or concrete where the require  nature be constant find as a inseparable companion or on the contrary where  the require nature be constant avoid and exclude from attendance as a enemy  from these instance may be from certain and universal proposition either  affirmative or negative the subject of which will be the concrete body and the  predicate the require nature for particular proposition be by no mean fix when  the require nature be find to fluctuate and change in the concrete either  approach and acquire or recede and lie aside hence particular proposition have  no great prerogative except in the case of migration of which we have speak  above yet such particular proposition be of great use when compare with the  universal as will be mention in its proper place nor do we require absolute  affirmation or negation even in universal proposition for if the exception be  singular or rare it be sufficient for our purpose the use of accompany  instance be to narrow the affirmative of from for as it be narrow by the  migrate instance where the from must necessary be something communicate or  destroy by the act of migration so it be narrow by accompany instance where  the from must necessary be something which enter into the concretion of the  body or on the contrary be repugnant to it and one who be well acquaint with  the constitution or formation of the body will not be far from bring to light  the from of the require nature for example let the require nature be heat  flame be a accompany instance for in water air stone metal and many other  substance heat be variable and can approach or retire but all flame be hot so  that heat always accompany the concretion of flame we have no hostile instance  of heat for the sense be unacquainted with the interior of the earth and there  be no concretion of any know body which be not susceptible of heat again let  solidity be the require nature air be a hostile instance for metal may be  liquid or solid so may glass even water may become solid by congelation but  air can become solid or lose its fluidity with regard to these instance of fix  proposition there be two point to be observe which be of importance first that  if there be no universal affirmative or negative it be careful note as not  exist thus in heat we have observe that there exist no universal negative in  such substance at least as have come to our knowledge again if the require  nature be eternity or incorruptibility we have no universal affirmative within  our sphere for these quality can be predicate of any body below the heaven or  above the interior of the earth second to our general proposition as to any  concrete whether affirmative or negative we shall subjoin the concrete which  appear to approach near to the non-existing substance such as the most gentle  or least burn flame in heat or gold in incorruptibility since it approach near  to it for they all serve to show the limit of existence and nonexistence and  circumscribe from so that they can wander beyond the condition of matter XXXIV  in the twelve rank of prerogative instance we will class those subjunctive  instance of which we speak in the last aphorism and which we be also wont to  call instance of extremity or limit for they be not only serviceable when  subjoin to fix proposition but also of themselves and from their own nature  they indicate with sufficient precision the real division of nature and  measure of thing and the how far nature effect or allow of anything and her  passage thence to something else such be gold in weight iron in hardness the  whale in the size of animal the dog in smell the flame of gunpowder in rapid  expansion and other of a like nature nor be we to pass over the extreme in  defect as well as in abundance as spirit of wine in weight the touchstone in  softness the worm upon the skin in the size of animal and the like XXXV in the  thirteenth rank of prerogative instance we will place those of alliance or  union they be such as mingle and unite nature hold to be heterogeneous and  observe and mark as such in receive classifications these instance show that  the operation and effect which be consider peculiar to some one of such  heterogeneous nature may also be attribute to another nature style  heterogeneous so as to prove that the difference of the nature be not real nor  essential but a mere modification of a common nature they be very serviceable  therefore in elevate and carry on the mind from difference to genera and in  remove those phantom and image of thing which meet it in disguise in concrete  substance for example let the require nature be heat the classification of  heat into three kind that of the celestial body that of animal and that of  fire appear to be settle and admit and these kind of heat especial one of they  compare with the other two be suppose to be different and clear heterogeneous  in their essence and species or specific nature since the heat of the heavenly  body and of animal generate and cherish while that of fire corrupt and destroy  we have a instance of alliance then in a very common experiment that of a vine  branch admit into a building where there be a constant fire by which the grape  ripen a whole month soon than in the air so that fruit upon the tree can be  ripen by fire although this appear the peculiar effect of the sun from this  beginning therefore the understanding reject all essential difference and easy  ascend to the investigation of the real difference between the heat of the sun  and that of fire by which their operation be render dissimilar although they  partake of a common nature these difference will be find to be four in number  the heat of the sun be much mild and gentle in degree than that of fire it be  much more moist in quality especial as it be transmit to we through the air  which be the chief point it be very unequal advance and increase at one time  retire and diminish at another which main contribute to the generation of body  for Aristotle right assert that the principal cause of generation and  corruption on the surface of the earth be the oblique path of the sun in the  zodiac whence its heat become very unequal partly from the alternation of  night and day partly from the succession of summer and winter yet must he  immediate corrupt and pervert his discovery by dictate to nature accord to his  habit and dogmatical assign the cause of generation to the approach of the sun  and that of corruption to its retreat while in fact each circumstance  indifferent and not respective contribute both to generation and corruption  for unequal heat tend to generate and corrupt as equable heat do to preserve  the four difference between the heat of the sun and fire be of great  consequence namely that the sun gradual and for a length of time insinuate its  effect while those of fire urge by the impatience of man be bring to a  termination in a short space of time but if any one be to pay attention to the  temper of fire and reduce it to a more moderate and gentle degree which may be  do in various way and then be to sprinkle and mix a degree of humidity with it  and above all be to imitate the sun in its inequality and last be patient to  suffer some delay not such however as be proportion to the effect of the sun  but more than man usual admit of in those of fire he will soon banish the  notion of any difference and will attempt or equal or perhaps sometime surpass  the effect of the sun by the heat of fire a like instance of alliance be that  of revive butterfly benumb and near dead from cold by the gentle warmth of  fire so that fire be no less able to revive animal than to ripen vegetable we  may also mention the celebrate invention of fracastorius of apply a pan  considerable heat to the head in desperate case of apoplexy which clear expand  the animal spirit when compress and almost extinguish by the humour and  obstruction of the brain and excite they to action as the fire will operate on  water or air and in the result produce life egg be sometime hatch by the heat  of fire a exact imitation of animal heat and there be many instance of the  like nature so that no one can doubt that the heat of fire in many case can be  modify till it resemble that of the heavenly body and of animal again let the  require nature be motion and rest there appear to be a settle classification  ground on the deep philosophy that natural body either revolve move in a  straight line or stand still and rest for there be either motion without limit  or continuance within a certain limit or a translation towards a certain limit  the eternal motion of revolution appear peculiar to the heavenly body rest to  this our globe and the other body heavy and light as they be term that be to  say place out of their natural position be bear in a straight line to mass or  aggregate which resemble they the light towards the heaven the heavy towards  the earth and all this be very fine language but we have a instance of  alliance in low comet which revolve though far below the heaven and the  fiction of Aristotle of the comet be fix to or necessary follow some star have  be long since explode not only because it be improbable in itself but from the  evident fact of the discursive and irregular motion of comet through various  part of the heaven another instance of alliance be that of the motion of air  which appear to revolve from east to west within the tropics where the circle  of revolution be the great the flow and ebb of the sea will perhaps be another  instance if the water be once find to have a motion of revolution though slow  and hardly perceptible from east to west subject however to a reaction twice a  day if this be so it be clear that the motion of revolution be not confine to  the celestial body but be share also by air and water again the suppose  peculiar disposition of light body to rise be rather shake and here we may  find a instance of alliance in a water bubble for if air be place under water  it rise rapid towards the surface by that strike motion as Democritus term it  with which the descend water strike the air and raise it not by any struggle  or effort of the air itself and when it have reach the surface of the water it  be prevent from ascend any further by the slight resistance it meet with in  the water which do not allow a immediate separation of its part so that the  tendency of the air to rise must be very slight again let the require nature  be weight it be certain a receive classification that dense and solid body be  bear towards the centre of the earth and rare and light body to the  circumference of the heaven as their appropriate place as far as relate to  place though these thing have much weight in the school the notion of there be  any determinate place be absurd and puerile philosopher trifle therefore when  they tell you that if the earth be perforate heavy body will stop on their  arrival at the centre this centre will indeed be a efficacious nothing or  mathematical point can it affect body or be seek by they for a body be not act  upon except by a body in fact this tendency to ascend and descend be either in  the conformation of the move body or in its harmony and sympathy with another  body but if any dense and solid body be find which do not however tend towards  the earth the classification be at a end now if we allow of gilbert opinion  that the magnetic power of the earth in attract heavy body be not extend  beyond the limit of its peculiar virtue which operate always at a fix distance  and no further and this be prove by some instance such a instance will be one  of alliance in our present subject the near approach to it be that of  waterspouts frequent see by person navigate the Atlantic towards either of the  Indies for the force and mass of the water sudden effuse by waterspouts appear  to be so considerable that the water must have be collect previous and have  remain fix where it be from until it be afterward force down by some violent  cause rather than make to fall by the natural motion of gravity so that it may  be conjecture that a dense and compact mass at a great distance from the earth  may be suspend as the earth itself be and will not fall unless force down we  do not however affirm this as certain in the meanwhile both in this respect  and many other it will ready be see how deficient we be in natural history  since we be force to have recourse to supposition for example instead of  ascertain instance again let the require nature be the discursive power of the  mind the classification of human reason and animal instinct appear to be  perfect correct yet there be some instance of the action of Brutus which seem  to show that they too can syllogize thus it be relate that a crow which have  near perish from thirst in a great drought see some water in the hollow trunk  of a tree but as it be too narrow for he to get into it he continue to throw  in pebble which make the water rise till he can drink and it afterward become  a proverb again let the require nature be vision the classification appear  real and certain which consider light as that which be original visible and  confer the power of see and colour as be secondary visible and not capable of  be see without light so as to appear a mere image or modification of light yet  there be instance of alliance in each respect as in snow when in great  quantity and in the flame of sulphur the one be a colour original and in  itself light the other a light verge towards colour