how this clay be harden and how this wax be melt with one and the same thing  fire it dry earth stone wood Cloth and skin and whatsoever be not liquefiable  and it melt metal wax gum butter tallow and the like notwithstanding even in  those thing which the fire melt if it be very vehement and continue it do at  last dry they for metal in a strong fire gold only except the volatile part be  go forth will become less ponderous and more brittle and those oily and fat  substance in the like fire will burn up and be dry and parch air especial open  air do manifest dry but not melt as high way and the upper part of the earth  moisten with shower be dry clothes wash if they be hang out in the air be  likewise dry herb and leave and flower lie forth in the shade be dry but much  more sudden do the air this if it be either enlighten with the sunbeam so that  they cause not putrefaction or if the air be stir as when the wind blow or in  room open on all side age most of all but yet slow of all dry as in all body  which if they be not prevent by putrefaction be dry with age but age be  nothing of it self be only the measure of time that which cause the effect be  the native spirit of body which suck up the moisture of the body and then  together with it fly forth and the air ambient which multiply it self upon the  native spirit and jayees of the body and prey upon they cold of all thing most  proper dry for dry be not cause but by contraction now contraction be the  proper work of cold but because we man have heat in a high degree namely that  of fire but cold in a very low degree none other than that of winter or  perhaps of ice or of snow or of nitre therefore the dry cause by cold be but  weak and easy resolve notwithstanding we see the surface of the earth to be  more dry by frost or by march wind than by the sun see the same wind both lick  up the moisture and affect with coldness smoke be a dry as in Bacon and neat  tongue which be hang up in chimney and perfume of olibanum or lignum aloe and  the like dry the brain and cure catarrh salt after some reasonable continuance  dry not only on the outside but in the inside also as in flesh and fish salt  which if they have continue any long time have a manifest hardness within hot  gum apply to the skin dry and wrinkle it and some astringent water also do the  same spirit of strong wine imitate the fire in dry for it will both potch a  egg put into it and toast breed powder dry like sponge by drink up the  moisture as it be in sand throwneupon line new write also smoothness and  politeness of body which suffer not the vapour of moisture to go in by the  poor dry by accident because it expose it to the air as it be see in precious  stone look glass and blade of sword upon which if you breathe you shall see at  first a little mistress but soon after it vanish like a cloud and thus much  for Desiceation or dry they use at this day in the east part of Germany garner  in vault under ground wherein they keep wheat and other grain lie a good  quantity of straw both under the grain and about they to save they from the  danknesse of the vault by which device they keep their of the Greeks twenty or  thirty year and this do not only preserve they from Eustinesse but that which  pertain more to the present inquisition preserve they also in that greenness  that they be fit and serviceable to make breed the same be report to have be  in use in Cappadocia and Thracia and some part of Spain the place of garner on  the top of house with window towards the east and north be very commodious  some also make two Sollars a Upper and a low and the upper sollar have a hold  in it through which the grain continual descend like sand in a hour glass and  after a few day they throw it up again with shovel that so it may be in  continual motion now it be to be note that this do not only prevent the  fustiness but conserves the greenness and slack the desiccation of it the  cause be that which we note before that the discharge of the watery humour  which be quicken by the motion and the wind preserve the oily humour in his be  which otherwise will fly out together with the watery humour also in some  mountain where the air be very pure dead carcase may be keep for a good while  without any great decay fruit as pomegranate citron apple Pears and the like  also flower as rise and lily may be keep a long time in earthen vessel close  stop howsoever they be not free from the injury of the outward air which will  affect they wit his unequal temper through the side of the vessel as be  manifest in heat and cold therefore it will be good to stop the mouth of the  vessel careful and to bury they within the earth and it will be as good not to  bury they in the earth but to sink they in the water so as the place be shady  as in Wels or cistern place within door but those that be sink in water will  do better in glass vessel than in earthen general those thing which be keep in  the earth in vault under ground or in the bottom of a well will preserve their  freshness long than those thing that be keep above ground they say it have be  observe that in conservatory of snow whether they be in mountain in natural  pit or in well make by be for that purpose a apple or chestnut or nut by  chance fall in after many month when the snow have melt have be find in the  snow as fresh and fair as if they have be gather the day before country people  keep cluster of grape in meal which though it make they less pleasant to the  taste yet it preserve their moisture and freshness also the hard sort of fruit  may be keep long not only in meal but also in sawdust and in of corn there be  a opinion hold that body may be preserve fresh in liquor of their own kind as  in their proper as to keep grape in wine olive in oil Pomegrants and quince be  keep long be light dip in sea water or saltwater and soon after take out again  and then dry in the open air so it be in the shade body put in wine oil or the  lees of oil keep long much more in honey or spirit of wine but most of all as  some say in quick silver fruit enclose in wax pitch plaster pass or any the  like case or cover keep green very long it be manifest that fly spider ant or  the like small Creasures fall by chance into amber or the gum of tree and so  find a burial in they do never after corrupt or rot although they be soft and  tender body grape be keep long by be hang up in bunch the same be of other  fruit for there be a twofold commodity of this thing the one that they be keep  without press or bruise which they must needs suffer if they be lie upon any  hard substance the other that the air do encompass they on every side alike it  be observe that putrefaction no less than desiccation in vegetable do not in  every part alike but chief in that part where be alive it do attract  nourishment therefore some advice to cover the StalkesApples or other fruit  with wax or pitch great wick of candle lamp do soon the tallow or oil than  wick also wick of cotton soon than those of rush straw or small twig and in  staff of torch those of juniper or fir soon than those of ash likewise flame  move and fan with the wind soon than that which be still and therefore candle  set in a lantern will last long than in the open air there be a tradition that  lamp set in sepulchre will last a incredible time the nature also and  preparation of the nourishment conduce no less to the last of lamp and candle  than the nature of the flame for wax will last long than tallow and tallow a  little wet long than tallow dry and wax candle old make long than wax candle  new make tree if you stir the earth about their root every year will continue  less time if once in four or perhaps in ten year much long also cut off the  sucker and young shoot will make they live the long but dung they or lie of  Marl about their root or much water they add to their fertility but cut off  from their long last and thus much touch the prohibit of desiccation or  consumption the inteneration or make tender of that which dry which be the  chief matter afford but a small number of experiment and therefore some few  experiment which be find in creature and also in man shall be join together  band of willow wherewith they use to bind tree lie in water grow more flexible  likewise they put bough of birch the end of they in earthen pot fill with  water to keep they from wither and bowl cleave with dryness steep in water  close again boot grow hard and obstinate with age by grease they before the  fire with wax soft or be only hold before the fire get some softness bladder  and parchment harden also become tender with warm water mix with tallow or any  fat thing but much the better if they be a little Chofed tree grow very old  that have stand long without any culture by dig and open the earth about the  root of they seem to grow young again and put forth young branch old draught  ox wear out with labour be take from the yoke and put into fresh pasture will  get young and tender flesh again in so much that they will eat as fresh and  tender as a steer a strict emaciate diet of guaiacum biscuit and the like  wherewith they use to cure the French pox old catarrh and some kind of dropsy  do first bring man to great poverty and leanness by waste the juice and humour  of the body which after they begin to be repair again seem more vigorous and  young nay and we be of opinion that emaciate disease afterward well cure have  advance many in the way of long life observation man see clear like owl in the  night of their own notion but in experience as in the daylight they wink and  be but half sight they speak much of the elementary quality of siccity or  dryness and of thing desiccating and of the natural period of body in which  they be corrupt and consume but mean while either in the beginning or middle  passage or last act of desiccation and consumption they observe nothing that  be of moment desiccation or consumption in the process thereof be finish by  three action and all these as be say before have their original from the  Native spirit of body the first action be the attenuation of the moisture into  spirit the second be the issue forth or flight of the spirit the three be the  contraction of the gross part of the body immediate after the spirit issue  forth and this last be that desiccation and induration which we chief handle  the former two consume only touch attenuation the matter be manifest for the  spirit which be enclose in every tangible body forget not his nature but  whatsoever it meet withal in the body in which it be enclose that it can  digest and master and turn into it self that it plain alter and subdue and  multiply it self upon it and beget new spirit and this be evict by one proof  in stead of many for that those thing which be dry be lessen in their weight  and become hollow porous and resound from within now it be most certain that  the inward spirit of any thing confer nothing to the weight but rather lighten  it and therefore it must needs be that the same spirit have turn into it the  moisture and juice of the body which weigh before by which mean the weight be  lessen and this be the first action the attenuation of the moisture and  convert it into spirit the second action which be the issue forth or flight of  the spirit be as manifest also for that issue forth when it be in throng be  apparent even to the sense in vapour to the sight in odour to the smell but if  it issue forth slow as when a thing be decay by age then it be not apparent to  the sense but the matter be the same again where the composure of the body be  either so strait or so tenacious that the spirit can find no poor or passage  by which to depart then in the strive to get out it drive before it the gross  part of the body and protrude they beyond the superficies or surface of the  Bodit as it be in the rust of metal and mould of all fat thing and this be the  second action the issue forth or flight of the spirit the three action be  somewhat more obscure but full as certain that be the contraction of the gross  part after the spirit issue forth and this appear first in that body after the  spirit issue forth do manifest shrink and a less room as it be in the kernel  of nut which after they be dry be too little for the shell and in beam and  plancher of house which at first lie close together but after they be dry gape  and likewise in bowl which through drought grow full of cranny the part of the  bowl contract themselves together and after contraction must needs be empty  space second it appear by the wrinkle of body dry for the endeavour of  contract it self be such that by the contraction it bring the part near  together and so lift they up for whatsoever be contract on the side be lift up  in the amid and this be to be see in paper and old parchment and in the skin  of live creature and in the coat of soft cheese all which with age gather  wrinkle three this contraction show self most in those thing which by heat be  not only wrinkle but ruffle and plight and it be roll together as it be in  paper and parchment and leave bring near the fire for contraction by age which  be more slow common cause wrinkle but contraction by the fire which be speedy  cause plight now in most thing where it not to wrinkle or plight there be  simple contraction and Angustiation straighten and induration harden and  desiccation as be show in the first place but if the issue forth of the spirit  and absumption or waste of the moisture be so great that there be not leave  body sufficient to unite and contract it self then of necessity contraction  must cease and the body putrid and nothing else but a little Dust cleave  together which with a light touch be disperse and fall asunder as it be in  body that be rot and in paper burn and linen make into tinder and Carkaises  embalm after many age and this be the three action the contraction of the  gross part after the spirit issue forth it be to be note that fire and heat  dry only by accident for their proper work be to attenuate and dilate the  spirit and moisture and then it follow by accident that the other part shall  contract themselves either for the fly of vacuum alone or for some other  motion withal whereof we now speak not it be certain that putrefaction take  his original from the Native spirit no less than arefaction but it go on a far  different way for in putrefaction the spirit be not simple vapour forth but be  detain in part work strange Garboises and the gross part be not so much local  contract as they congregate themselves to part of the same nature length and  shortness of life in live creature the history touch the length and shortness  of life in live creature the information which may be have be but slender  observation be negligent and tradition fabulous in Tame creature their life  corrupt they in wild creature their expose to all weather often intercept they  neither do those thing which may seem concomitant give any furtherance to this  information the greatness of their body their time of bear in the womb the  number of their young one the time of their growth and the rest in regard that  these thing be intermix and sometime they concur sometime they sever man age  as far as can be gather by any certain narration do exceed the age of all  other live creature except it be of a very few only and the concomitant in he  be very equal dispose his stature and proportion large his bear in the womb  nine month his fruit common one at a birth his puberty at the age of fourteen  year his time of grow till twenty the elephant by undoubted relation exceed  the ordinary race of man life but his bear in the womb the space of ten year  be fabulous of two year or at least above one be certain now his bulk be great  his time of growth until the thirty year his tooth exceed hard neither have it  be unobserved that his blood be the cold of all creature his age have sometime  reach to two hundred year lion be account long liver because many of they have  be find toothless a sign not so certain for that may be cause by their strong  breath the bear be a great sleeper a dull beast and give to ease and yet not  note for long life nay he have this sign of short life that his bear in the  womb be but short scarce full forty day the fox seem to be well dispose in  many thing for long life he be well skin feed on flesh life in Dens and yet he  be note not to have that property certain he be a kind of dog and that kind be  but short live the camel be a long liver a lean creature and sinewy so that he  do ordinary attain to fifty and some time to a hundred year the horse life but  to a moderate age scarce to forty year his ordinary period be twenty year but  perhaps he be behold for this shortness of his life to man for we have now no  horse of the sun that live free and at pleasure in good pasture  notwithstanding the horse grow till he be six year old and be able for  generation in his old age beside the mare go long with her young one than a  woman and bring forth two at a burden more rare the ass life common to the  horse age but the mule outlive they both the heart be famous among man for  long life yet not upon any relation that be undoubted they tell of a certain  heart that be find with a collar about his neck and that collar hide with fat  the long life of the heart be the less credible because he come to his  perfection at the five year and not long after his horn which he shed and  renew yearly grow more narrow at the root and less branch the dag be but a  short liver he exceed not the age of twenty year and for the most part life  not to fourteen year a creature of the hot temper and live in extreme for he  be common either in vehement motion or sleep beside the bitch bring forth many  at a burden and go nine week the ox likewise for the greatness of his body and  strength be but a short liver about some sixteen year and the male live long  than the female notwithstanding they bear usual but one at a burden and go  nine month a creature dull and fleshy and soon fat and live only upon hereby  substance without grain the sheep seldom life to ten year though he be a  creature of a moderate size and excellent clad and that which may seem a  wonder be a creature with so little gall yet he have the most curl coat of any  other for the hair of no creature be so much curl as wool be the ram generate  not before the three year and continue able for generation until the eight the  ewe bear young as long as they live the sheep be a disease creature and rare  life to his full age the goat life to the same age with the sheep and be not  much unlike in other thing though he be a creature more nimble and of somewhat  a firm flesh and so shall be long live but then he be much more lascivious and  that shorten his life the Sow life to fifteen year sometime to twenty and  though it be a creature of the moistest flesh yet that seem to make nothing to  length of life of the wild boar or Sow we have nothing certain the cat age be  betwixt six and ten year a creature nimble and full of spirit who seed as  aelian repotteth burn the female whereupon it be say that the Cat conceive  with pain and bring forth with ease a creature ravenous in eat rather swallow  down his meat whole than feed hare and cony attain scarce to seven year be  both creature generative and with young one of several conception in their  belly in this they be unlike that the cony life under ground and the hare  above ground and again that the hare be of a more duskish flesh bird for the  size of their body be much lesser than beast for a eagle or swan be but a  small thing in comparison of a ox or horse and so be a ostrich to a elephant  bird be excellent well clad for feather for warmth and close sit to the body  exceed wool and hair bird though they hatch many young one together yet they  bear they not all in their body at once Butlay their egg by turn whereby their  fruit have the more plentiful nourishment it be in their body bird chew little  or nothing but their meat be find whole in their crop notwithstanding they  will break the shell of fruit and pick out the kernel they be think to be of a  very hot and strong concoction the motion of bird in their fly be a mix motion  consist of a move of the limb and of a kind of carriage which be a most  wholesome kind of exercise Aristotle note well touch the generation of bird  but he transfer it ill to other live creature that the seed of the male confer  less to generation than the female but that it rather afford activity than  matter so that fruitful egg and unfruitful egg be hardly distinguish bird  almost all of they come to their full growth the first year or a little after  it be true that their feather in some kind and their bill in other show their  year but for the growth of their body it be not so the eagle be account a long  liver yet his year be not set down and it be allege as a sign of his long life  that he cast his bill whereby he grow young again from whence come that  proverb the old age of a eagle notwithstanding perchance the matter may be  thus that the renew of the eagle do not cast his bill but the cast of his bill  be the renew of the eagle for after that his bill be grow to a great  crookedness the eagle feed with much difficulty vulture also be affirm to be  long liver insomuch that they extend their life well near to a hundred year  kite likewise and so all bird that feed upon flesh and bird of prey live long  as for hawk because they lead a degenerate and servile life for the delight of  man the term of their natural life be not certain know notwithstanding among  mew hawk some have be find so have live thirty year and among wild hawk forty  year the raven likewise be report to live long sometime to a hundred year he  feed on carrion and fly not often but rather be a see dentary and melancholy  bird and have very black flesh but the crow like unto he in most thing except  in greatness and voice life not altogether so long and yet be reckon among the  long liver the swan be certain find to be a long liver and exceed not  unfrequent a hundred year he be a bird excellent plume a feeder upon fish and  be always carry and that in run water the goose also may pass among the long  liver though his food be common grass and such kind of nourishment especial  the wild goose whereupon this proverb grow among the germane to greater extent  senex how goose of snow old than a wild goose stork must needs be long liver  if that be true which be ancient observe of they that they never come to  because that city be often sack this if it be so then either they must have  the knowledge of more age than one or else the old one much tell their young  the history but there be nothing more frequent than fable for fable do so  abound touch the phoenix that the truth be utter lose if any such bird there  be as for that which be so much admire that she be ever see abroad with a  great troop of bird about her it be no such wonder for the same be usual see  about a owl fly in the day time or a parret let out of a cage the parret have  be certain know to have live threescore year in England how old soever he be  before he be bring over a bird eat almost all kind of meat chew his meat and  renew his bill likewise curse and mischievous and of a black flesh the peacock  life twenty year but he come not forth with his Argus eye before he be three  year old a bird slow of pace have whitish flesh the dunghill cock be venereous  martial and but of a short life a crank bird have also white flesh the Indian  cock common call the Turkey cock life not much long that the dunghill cock a  angry bird and have exceed white flesh the ring dove be of the long sort of  liver insomuch that they attain sometime to fifty year of age a airy bird and  both build and sit on high but dove and turtle be but short live not exceed  eight year but pheasant and may live to sixteen year they be great breeder but  not so white of flesh as the ordinary pullen the black bird be report to be  among the lesser bird one of the long liver a unhappy bird and a good singer  the sparrow be note to be of a very short life and it be impute in the male to  their lasciviousness but the linnet no big in body than the sparrow have be  observe to have live twenty year of the ostrich we have nothing certain those  that be keep here have be so unfortunate that no long life appear by they of  bird ibis we find only long but his year be not record the age of fish be  uncertain than that of terrestrial creature because live under the water be  the less observe of they breath not by mean their vital more close in and  there before though they some refrigeration by Gils yet that refrigeration be  not so continual as it be by breathe they be free from the Diccation and  depredation the air ambient they live in the water there be no doubt but the  water ambient and pierce and receive into the poor of their body do more hurt  to long life than the air do it be affirm too that their be not warm some of  they be great devourer even of their own kind their flesh be soft and more  tender than that of terrestrial creature they grow exceed fat insomuch that a  incredible quantity of oil will be extract out of one whole report to live  about thirty year of which thing a trial be take in some of they by cut off  their tail they grow until ten year of age that which they report of some fish  be strange that after a certain age their body will waste and grow very  slender only their head and tail retain their former greatness there be find  in caesars fish pond lamprey to have live threescore year they be grow so  familiar with long use that Crassus the orator solemn lament one of they the  pike among fish live in fresh water be find to last long sometime forty year  he be a of a flesh somewhat dry and firm but the carp bream and the like be no  hold to live above ten year salmon be quick of growth short of life so be  trout but the perch be slow of growth long of life touch that monstrous bulk  of the whale or York how long it be wield by vital spirit we have receive  nothing certain neither yet touch the sea-calf and sea hog and other  innumerable fish crocodile be report to be exceed long live and re famous fer  the time of their growth for that they among all other creature be think to  grow during their whole life they be of those creature that lie egg ravenous  cruel and well fence against the water touch the other kind of shell fish we  find nothing certain how long they live observation to find out a rule touch  length and Shcrtnesse of life in live creature be very difficult by reason of  the negligence of observation and the intermix of cause a few thing we will  set down there be more kind of bird find to be long live than of beast as the  eagle the vulture the kite the pelican the raven the crow the swan the goose  the stork the crane the bird call the ibis the parret the ring dove with the  rest though they come to their full growth within a year and be less of body  sure their cloth be excellent good against the distemperature of the weather  and beside live for the most part in the open air they be like the inhabitant  of pure mountain which be long live again their motion which as we else where  say be a mix motion compound of a move of their limb and of a carriage in the  air do less weary and wear they and be more wholesome neither do they suffer  any compression or want of nourishment in their mother belly because the egg  be lie by turn but the chief cause of all I take to be this that bird be make  more of the substance of the mother than of the father whereby their spirit be  not so eager and hot it may be a position that creature which partake more of  the substance of their mother than of their father be long live as bird be  which say before also that those which have a long time of bear in the womb do  more of the substance of the mother less of the father and si be long live  insomuch we be of opinion that even among man which we note in some those that  resemble their mother most be long live and so be the child of old man beget  upon young wife if the father be sound not disease the first breed of creature  be ever most material either to their hurt or benefit and therefore it stand  with reason that the lesser compression and the more liberal alimentation of  the young one in the womb shall confer much to long life now this happen when  either the young one be bring forth successive as in bird or when they be  single birth as in creature bear but one at a burden but long bear in the womb  make for length of life three way first for that the young one partake more of  the substance of the mother as have be say second that it come forth more  strong and able three that it undergo the predatory force of the air sater  beside it show that nature intend to finish her period by large circle now  though ox and sheep which be bear in the womb about six month be but short  live that happen for other cause feeder upon grass and herb be but short liver  and creature feed upon flesh or seed or fruit long liver as some bird be as  for heart which be long live they take the one half of their meat as man use  to say from above their head and the goose beside grass find something in the  water and stubble to feed upon we suppose that a good cloth of the body make  much to long life for it fence and arm against the intemperances of the air  which dot wonder assail and decay the body which benefit bird especial have  now that sheep which have so good fleece shall be so short that be to be  impated to disease whereof that creature be full and to the bareeating of  grass the seat of the spirit without doubt be principal the head which though  it be usual understand of the animal spirit only yet this be all in all again  it be not to be doubt but the spirit do most of all waste and prey upon the  body so that where they be either in great plenty or in great inflammation and  acrimony there the life be much shorten and therefore we conceive a great  Cause of long life in bird to be the smallness of their head in comparison of  their body for even man which have very great head we suppose to be the short  liver we be os opinion that carriage be of all other motion the most helpful  to long life which we also note before now there be carry water fowl upon the  water as swan all bird in their fly but with a strong endeavour of their lime  and fish of the length of who life we have no certainty those creature which  be long before they come to their perfection Net speak of growth in stature  only but of other step to maturity as Manputs forth first his next the sign of  manpower tie then his beard and so forward be long live for it show that  nature finish her period by large circle mild creature be not long live as the  sheep and dove for choler be as the whetstone and spur to many function in the  body creature who flesh be more duskish be long live than those that have  white flesh for it show that the juice of the body be more firm and less apt  to dissipate in every corruptible body quantity make much to the conservation  of the whole for a great fire be long in quench a small portion of water be  soon evaporate the body of a tree wither not so fast as a twig and therefore  general I speak it of species not of individual creature that be large in body  be long live than those that be small unless there be some other potent Cause  to hinder it