aphorism book two on the interpretation OF nature or the reign OF man I to  generate and superinduce a new nature or new nature upon a give body be the  labour and aim of human power while to discover the from or true difference of  a give nature or the nature to which such nature be owe or source from which  it emanate for these term approach near to a explanation of our meaning be the  labour and discovery of human knowledge and subordinate to these primary  labour be two other of a secondary nature and inferior stamp under the first  must be rank the transformation of concrete body from one to another which be  possible within certain limit under the second the discovery in every species  of generation and motion of the latent and uninterrupted process from the  manifest efficient and manifest subject matter up to the give from and a like  discovery of the latent conformation of body which be at rest instead of be in  motion two the unhappy state of man actual knowledge be manifest even by the  common assertion of the vulgar it be right lie down that true knowledge be  that which be deduce from cause the division of four cause also be not amiss  matter from the efficient and end or final cause of these however the latter  be so far from be beneficial that it even corrupt the science except in the  intercourse of man with man the discovery of from be consider desperate as for  the efficient cause and matter accord to the present system of inquiry and the  receive opinion concern they by which they be place remote from and without  any latent process towards from they be but desultory and superficial and of  scarce any avail to real and active knowledge nor be we unmindful of our have  point out and correct above the error of the human mind in assign the first  quality of essence to from for although nothing exist in nature except  individual body exhibit clear individual effect accord to particular law yet  in each branch of learning that very law its investigation discovery and  development be the foundation both of theory and practice this law therefore  and its parallel in each science be what we understand by the term from adopt  that word because it have grow into common use and be of familiar occurrence  III he who have learned the cause of a particular nature such as whiteness or  heat in particular subject only have acquire but a imperfect knowledge as he  who can induce a certain effect upon particular substance only among those  which be susceptible of it have acquire but a imperfect power but he who have  only learned the efficient and material cause which cause be variable and mere  vehicle convey from to particular substance may perhaps arrive at some new  discovery in matter of a similar nature and prepare for the purpose but do not  stir the limit of thing which be much more deep root while he who be acquaint  with from comprehend the unity of nature in substance apparent most distinct  from each other he can disclose and bring forward therefore though it have  never yet be do thing which neither the vicissitude of nature nor the industry  of experiment nor chance itself will ever have bring about and which will  forever have escape man think from the discovery of from therefore result  genuine theory and free practice IV although there be a most intimate  connection and almost a identity between the way of human power and human  knowledge yet on account of the pernicious and inveterate habit of dwell upon  abstraction it be by far the safe method to commence and build up the science  from those foundation which bear a relation to the practical division and to  let they mark out and limit the theoretical we must consider therefore what  precept or what direction or guide a person will most desire in order to  generate and superinduce any nature upon a give body and this not in abstruse  but in the plain language for instance if a person shall wish to superinduce  the yellow colour of gold upon silver or a additional weight observe always  the law of matter or transparency on a opaque stone or tenacity in glass or  vegetation on a substance which be not vegetable we must I say consider what  species of precept or guide this person will prefer and first he will  doubtless be anxious to be show some method that will neither fail in effect  nor deceive he in the trial of it second he will be anxious that the prescribe  method shall not restrict he and tie he down to peculiar mean and certain  particular method of act for he will perhaps be at loss and without the power  or opportunity of collect and procure such mean now if there be other mean and  method beside those prescribe of create such a nature they will perhaps be of  such a kind as be in his power yet by the confine limit of the precept he will  be deprive of reap any advantage from they three he will be anxious to be show  something not so difficult as the require effect itself but approach more near  to practice we will lie this down therefore as the genuine and perfect rule of  practice that it shall be certain free and preparatory or have relation to  practice and this be the same thing as the discovery of a true from for the  from of any nature be such that when it be assign the particular nature  infallible follow it be therefore always present when that nature be present  and universal attest such presence and be inherent in the whole of it the same  from be of such a character that if it be remove the particular nature  infallible vanish it be therefore absent whenever that nature be absent and  perpetual testify such absence and exist in no other nature last the true from  be such that it deduce the particular nature from some source of essence exist  in many subject and more know as they term it to nature than the from itself  such then be our determination and rule with regard to a genuine and perfect  theoretical axiom that a nature be find convertible with a give nature and yet  such as to limit the more know nature in the manner of a real genus but these  two rule the practical and theoretical be in fact the same and that which be  most useful in practice be most correct in theory five but the rule or axiom  for the transformation of body be of two kind the first regard the body as a  aggregate or combination of simple nature thus in gold be unite the follow  circumstance it be yellow heavy of a certain weight malleable and ductile to a  certain extent it be not volatile lose part of its substance by fire melt in a  particular manner be separate and dissolve by particular method and so of the  other nature observable in gold a axiom therefore of this kind deduce the  subject from the from of simple nature for he who have acquire the from and  method of superinduce yellowness weight ductility stability deliquescence  solution and the like and their degree and mode will consider and contrive how  to unite they in any body so as to transform it into gold and this method of  operate belong to primary action for it be the same thing to produce one or  many simple nature except that man be more confine and restrict in his  operation if many be require on account of the difficulty of unite many nature  together it must however be observe that this method of operate which consider  nature as simple though in a concrete body set out from what be constant  eternal and universal in nature and open such broad path to human power as the  think of man can in the present state of thing scarce comprehend or figure to  itself the second kind of axiom which depend on the discovery of the latent  process do not proceed by simple nature but by concrete body as they be find  in nature and in its usual course for instance suppose the inquiry to be from  what beginning in what manner and by what process gold or any metal or stone  be generate from the original menstruum or its element up to the perfect  mineral or in like manner by what process plant be generate from the first  concretion of juice in the earth or from seed up to the perfect plant with the  whole successive motion and vary and uninterrupted effort of nature and the  same inquiry be make as to a regular deduce system of the generation of animal  from coition to birth and so on of other body nor be this species of inquiry  confine to the mere generation of body but it be applicable to other change  and labour of nature for instance where a inquiry be make into the whole  series and continue operation of the nutritive process from the first  reception of the food to its complete assimilation to the recipient or into  the voluntary motion of animal from the first impression of the imagination  and the continuous effect of the spirit up to the bend and motion of the joint  or into the free motion of the tongue and lip and other accessary which give  utterance to articulate sound for all these investigation relate to concrete  or associate nature artificial bring together and take into consideration  certain particular and special habit of nature and not those fundamental and  general law which constitute from it must however be plain own that this  method appear more prompt and easy and of great promise than the primary one  in like manner the operative branch which answer to this contemplative branch  extend and advance its operation from that which be usual observe in nature to  other subject immediate connect with it or not very remote from such immediate  connection but the high and radical operation upon nature depend entire on the  primary axiom beside even where man have not the mean of act but only of  acquire knowledge as in astronomy for man can act upon change or transform the  heavenly body the investigation of fact or truth as well as the knowledge of  cause and coincidence must be refer to those primary and universal axiom that  regard simple nature such as the nature of spontaneous rotation attraction or  the magnetic force and many other which be more common than the heavenly body  themselves for let no one hope to determine the question whether the earth or  heaven revolve in the diurnal motion unless he have first comprehend the  nature of spontaneous rotation VI but the latent process of which we speak be  far from be obvious to man mind beset as they now be for we mean not the  measure symptom or degree of any process which can be exhibit in the body  themselves but simple a continue process which for the most part escape the  observation of the sense for instance in all generation and transformation of  body we must inquire what be in the act of be lose and escape what remain what  be be add what be be dilute what be be contract what be be unite what be be  separate what be continuous what be break off what be urge forward what impede  what predominate what be subservient and many other circumstance nor be these  inquiry again to be make in the mere generation and transformation of body  only but in all other alteration and fluctuation we must in like manner  inquire what precede what succeed what be quick what be slow what produce and  what govern motion and the like all which matter be unknown and unattempted by  the science in their present heavy and inactive state for since every natural  act be bring about by the small effort or at least such as be too small to  strike our sense let no one hope that he will be able to direct or change  nature unless he have proper comprehend and observe these effort VII in like  manner the investigation and discovery of the latent conformation in body be  no less new than the discovery of the latent process and from for we as yet be  doubtless only admit to the antechamber of nature and do not prepare a  entrance into her presence room but nobody can endue a give body with a new  nature or transform it successful and appropriate into a new body without  possess a complete knowledge of the body so to be change or transform for he  will run into vain or at least into difficult and perverse method ill adapt to  the nature of the body upon which he operate a clear path therefore towards  this object also must be throw open and well support labour be well and useful  bestow upon the anatomy of organise body such as those of man and animal which  appear to be a subtle matter and a useful examination of nature the species of  anatomy however be that of first sight open to the sense and take place only  in organise body it be obvious and of ready access when compare with the real  anatomy of latent conformation in body which be consider similar particular in  specific object and their part as those of iron stone and the similar part of  plant and animal as the root the leaf the flower the flesh the blood and bone  etcetera yet human industry have not complete neglect this species of anatomy  for we have a instance of it in the separation of similar body by distillation  and other solution which show the dissimilarity of the compound by the union  of the homogeneous part these method be useful and of importance to our  inquiry although attend general with fallacy for many nature be assign and  attribute to the separate body as if they have previous exist in the compound  which in reality be recent bestow and superinduce by fire and heat and the  other mode of separation beside it be after all but a small part of the labour  of discover the real conformation in the compound which be so subtle and nice  that it be rather confuse and lose by the operation of the fire than discover  and bring to light a separation and solution of body therefore be to be effect  not by fire indeed but rather by reason and true induction with the assistance  of experiment and by a comparison with other body and a reduction to those  simple nature and their from which meet and be combine in the compound and we  must assure pass from Vulcan to Minerva if we wish to bring to light the real  texture and conformation of body upon which every occult and as it be sometime  call specific property and virtue of thing depend and whence also every rule  of powerful change and transformation be deduce for instance we must examine  what spirit be in every body what tangible essence whether that spirit be  copious and exuberant or meager and scarce fine or coarse aeriform or igniform  active or sluggish weak or robust progressive or retrograde abrupt or  continuous agree with external and surround object or differ from they  etcetera in like manner must we treat tangible essence which admit of as many  distinction as the spirit and its hair fiber and vary texture again the  situation of the spirit in the corporeal mass its poor passage vein and cell  and the rudiment or first essay of the organic body be subject to the same  examination in these however as in our former inquiry and therefore in the  whole investigation of latent conformation the only genuine and clear light  which complete dispel all darkness and subtle difficulty be admit by mean of  the primary axiom this method will not bring we to atom which take for grant  the vacuum and immutability of matter neither of which hypothesis be correct  but to the real particle such as we discover they to be nor be there any  ground for alarm at this refinement as if it be inexplicable for on the  contrary the more inquiry be direct to simple nature the more will everything  be place in a plain and perspicuous light since we transfer our attention from  the complicate to the simple from the incommensurable to the commensurable  from surds to rational quantity from the indefinite and vague to the definite  and certain as when we arrive at the element of letter and the simple tone of  concord the investigation of nature be best conduct when mathematics be apply  to physics again let none be alarm at vast number and fraction for in  calculation it be as easy to set down or to reflect upon a thousand as a unit  or the thousand part of a integer as a integer itself IX from the two kind of  axiom above specify arise the two division of philosophy and the science and  we will use the common adopt term which approach the near to our meaning in  our own sense let the investigation of from which in reason at least and after  their own law be eternal and immutable constitute metaphysic and let the  investigation of the efficient cause of matter latent process and latent  conformation which all relate mere to the ordinary course of nature and not to  her fundamental and eternal law constitute physics parallel to these let there  be two practical division to physics that of mechanic and to metaphysic that  of magic in the pure sense of the term as apply to its ample mean and its  command over nature X the object of our philosophy be thus lie down we proceed  to precept in the most clear and regular order the sign for the interpretation  of nature comprehend two division the first regard the elicit or create of  axiom from experiment the second the deduce or derive of new experiment from  axiom the first admit of three subdivision into ministration to the sense to  the memory to the mind or reason for we must first prepare as a foundation for  the whole a complete and accurate natural and experimental history we must not  imagine or invent but discover the act and property of nature but natural and  experimental history be so vary and diffuse that it confound and distract the  understanding unless it be fix and exhibit in due order we must therefore from  table and co-ordinations of instance upon such a plan and in such order that  the understanding may be enable to act upon they Even when this be do the  understanding leave to itself and to its own operation be incompetent and  unfit to construct its axiom without direction and support our three  ministration therefore must be true and legitimate induction the very key of  interpretation we must begin however at the end and go back again to the other  XI the investigation of from proceed thus a nature be give we must first  present to the understanding all the know instance which agree in the same  nature although the subject matter be considerable diversify and this  collection must be make as a mere history and without any premature reflection  or too great degree of refinement for instance take the investigation of the  from of heat instance agree in the from of heat the ray of the sun particular  in summer and at noon the same reflect and condense as between mountain or  along wall and particular in burn mirror ignite meteor burn lightning eruption  of flame from the cavity of mountain etcetera flame of every kind ignite solid  natural warm bath warm or heat liquid warm vapour and smoke and the air itself  which admit a most powerful and violent heat if confine as in reverberate  furnace damp hot weather arise from the constitution of the air without any  reference to the time of the year confine and subterraneous air in some cavern  particular in winter all shaggy substance as wool the skin of animal and the  plumage of bird contain some heat all body both solid and liquid dense and  rare as the air itself place near fire for any time spark arise from the  violent percussion of flint and steel all body rub violent as stone wood cloth  etcetera so that rudder and axle of wheel sometime catch fire and the west  Indian obtain fire by attrition green and moist vegetable matter confine and  rub together as rise pea in basket so hay if it be damp when stack often catch  fire quicklime sprinkle with water iron when first dissolve by acid in a glass  and without any application to fire the same of tin but not so intense animal  particular internal although the heat be not perceivable by the touch in  insect on account of their small size horse dung and the like excrement from  other animal when fresh strong oil of sulphur and of vitriol exhibit the  operation of heat in burn linen as do the oil of marjoram and like substance  in burn the bony substance of the tooth strong and well rectify spirit of wine  exhibit the same effect so that white of egg when throw into it grow hard and  white almost in the same manner as when boil and breed become burn and brown  as if toast aromatic substance and warm plant as the dracunculus arum old  nasturtium etcetera which though they be not warm to the touch whether whole  or pulverize yet be discover by the tongue and palate to be warm and almost  burn when slight masticate strong vinegar and all acid on any part of the body  not cloth with the epidermis as the eye tongue or any wound part or where the  skin be remove excite a pain differ but little from that produce by heat Even  a severe and intense cold produce a sensation of burn nec north wind  penetrable cold to set on fire other instance we be wont to call this a table  of existence and presence